Salas Gervassio Nadia G, Luna María G, D'Auro Franco, Sánchez Norma E
Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE), CONICET-UNLP, Boulevard, La Plata, Argentina.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 Apr 2;111(2):528-532. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox353.
Pseudapanteles dignus (Muesebeck; Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an American endoparasitoid that attacks the South American tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick; Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). The interaction between P. dignus and T. absoluta in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.; Solanales: Solanaceae) crops has demonstrated that this enemy exhibits some desirable ecological traits as an effective biological control agent of this pest. With the aim of extending the use of P. dignus to other solanaceous crops, laboratory experiments were carried out to assess some life history traits and the parasitism efficiency when parasitizing T. absoluta larvae fed on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.; Solanales: Solanaceae). Rearings and experiments were conducted at 25 ± 2°C, ≈70% RH, and 14:10 (L:D) h photoperiod, and T. absoluta was fed with eggplant. P. dignus developmental times of immature stages were lower (~ 5 d) on S. melongena than on S. lycopersicum. The female did not exhibit a pre-reproductive period, and its oviposition period lasted longer (~ 4 d) than that determined in tomato plants. Adult longevity was ca. 24 d for both sexes. Females produced ca. 61 cocoons during their lives and the maximum daily percentage of parasitism was 50% at the first day of adult emergence. Functional response of P. dignus on eggplant was density-independent of the host density offered, as in tomato plant, and the instantaneous attack rate (a') was 0.24 attacked larvae/ available larvae, in 24 h. Our results indicate that although there are differences, P. dignus would have a similar performance in eggplant and tomato in terms of its efficacy in the control of T. absoluta.
尊严伪盘绒茧蜂（缪塞贝克；膜翅目：茧蜂科）是一种美洲内寄生蜂，寄生于南美番茄潜叶蛾（麦里克；鳞翅目：麦蛾科）。在番茄（茄属番茄；茄目：茄科）作物中，尊严伪盘绒茧蜂与南美番茄潜叶蛾之间的相互作用表明，作为这种害虫的有效生物防治剂，该天敌展现出一些理想的生态特性。为了将尊严伪盘绒茧蜂的应用扩展到其他茄科作物，开展了实验室实验，以评估其一些生活史特征以及寄生取食茄子（茄属茄子；茄目：茄科）的南美番茄潜叶蛾幼虫时的寄生效率。饲养和实验在25±2°C、相对湿度约70%、光周期14:10（光照:黑暗）小时的条件下进行，且用茄子饲养南美番茄潜叶蛾。尊严伪盘绒茧蜂未成熟阶段在茄子上的发育时间比在番茄上短（约5天）。雌蜂没有生殖前期，其产卵期持续时间比在番茄植株上确定的更长（约4天）。雌雄成虫寿命约为24天。雌蜂一生可产约61个茧，成虫羽化第一天的最大日寄生率为50%。与在番茄植株上一样，尊严伪盘绒茧蜂在茄子上的功能反应与所提供的寄主密度无关，24小时内的瞬时攻击率（a'）为0.24头被攻击幼虫/可用幼虫。我们的结果表明，尽管存在差异，但尊严伪盘绒茧蜂在控制南美番茄潜叶蛾的效果方面，在茄子和番茄上的表现相似。
