State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
The Hounsfield Facility, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
J Exp Bot. 2018 Jan 23;69(3):385-397. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erx427.
Root system architecture is very important for plant growth and crop yield. It is essential for nutrient and water uptake, anchoring, and mechanical support. Root growth angle (RGA) is a vital constituent of root system architecture and is used as a parameter for variety evaluation in plant breeding. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms that determine root growth angle in rice (Oryza sativa). In this study, a rice mutant large root angle1 (lra1) was isolated and shown to exhibit a large RGA and reduced sensitivity to gravity. Genome resequencing and complementation assays identified OsPIN2 as the gene responsible for the mutant phenotypes. OsPIN2 was mainly expressed in roots and the base of shoots, and showed polar localization in the plasma membrane of root epidermal and cortex cells. OsPIN2 was shown to play an important role in mediating root gravitropic responses in rice and was essential for plants to produce normal RGAs. Taken together, our findings suggest that OsPIN2 plays an important role in root gravitropic responses and determining the root system architecture in rice by affecting polar auxin transport in the root tip.
根系结构对于植物生长和作物产量非常重要。它对于养分和水分的吸收、固定和机械支撑都至关重要。根生长角度（RGA）是根系结构的重要组成部分，可用作植物育种中品种评价的参数。然而，人们对决定水稻根生长角度的潜在分子机制知之甚少。在这项研究中，分离得到了一个水稻突变体 large root angle1（lra1），该突变体表现出较大的 RGA 和对重力的敏感性降低。基因组重测序和互补实验鉴定 OsPIN2 是导致突变表型的基因。OsPIN2 主要在根和茎基部表达，并在根表皮和皮层细胞的质膜中表现出极性定位。研究表明，OsPIN2 在介导水稻根向重力性反应中发挥重要作用，对于植物产生正常的 RGA 是必需的。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，OsPIN2 通过影响根尖的极性生长素运输，在水稻根向重力性反应和决定根系结构中发挥重要作用。
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