Render J A, Carlton W W, Hinsman E J, Turek J J
Food Chem Toxicol. 1985 Sep;23(9):795-803. doi: 10.1016/0278-6915(85)90279-0.
Daily doses of 6-aminonicotinamide (3-5 mg/kg) given by ip injection produced ataxia of the hind limbs progressing to an ascending paresis/paralysis, anorexia, diarrhoea and death in male and female New Zealand White and Dutch Belted rabbits. At autopsy, caecal and gastric distention were seen and the apex of the gall bladder had necrotic foci. Light microscopic lesions included atrophy and necrosis of the white lobe of Harder's gland and atrophy of seminiferous tubules with cellular necrosis, vacuolation and the presence of multinucleated giant cells. Cytoplasmic vacuolation was observed in epithelial cells from many tissues, usually in the basal portion of the cells. Vacuolation of the epithelium of the sacculus rotundus and vermiform appendix was found within the same time frame as histiocytic hyperplasia in these organs. Spongiosis and gliosis were seen in certain parts of the central nervous system. Ultrastructural alterations in the gall bladder epithelium consisted of distention of intercellular space, mild distention of perinuclear space and coalescing, intracytoplasmic, membrane-bound vacuoles, a few of which contained membranous debris. Some alterations of 6-aminonicotinamide toxicosis were prevented by simultaneous administration of nicotinamide with 6-aminonicotinamide.
腹腔注射给予6-氨基烟酰胺（3-5毫克/千克）的日剂量，会导致雄性和雌性新西兰白兔及荷兰带兔出现后肢共济失调，进而发展为上行性轻瘫/瘫痪、厌食、腹泻和死亡。尸检时可见盲肠和胃扩张，胆囊顶端有坏死灶。光镜下病变包括哈德氏腺白叶萎缩和坏死，生精小管萎缩并伴有细胞坏死、空泡形成以及多核巨细胞的出现。在许多组织的上皮细胞中观察到细胞质空泡化，通常位于细胞基部。在这些器官中，圆形囊和阑尾上皮的空泡化与组织细胞增生在同一时间范围内出现。在中枢神经系统的某些部位可见海绵状变性和胶质增生。胆囊上皮的超微结构改变包括细胞间隙增宽、核周间隙轻度增宽以及合并的胞质内膜结合空泡，其中一些含有膜性碎片。同时给予烟酰胺和6-氨基烟酰胺可预防6-氨基烟酰胺中毒的一些改变。
