a Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA, and the Miami VA Medical Center , Miami , Florida , USA.
b Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , Chicago , Illinois , USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2018 Feb;37(2):161-167. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2017.1372822. Epub 2018 Jan 9.
Caffeinated beverages, most commonly tea and coffee, may have important effects on insulin regulation that may give their consumption an important role among nutritional factors in the development of diseases of glucose and insulin metabolism, such as diabetes and atherosclerotic vascular diseases. These beverages include compounds that may have contradictory effects on insulin and glucose: Caffeine impairs insulin sensitivity, but polyphenolic molecules within tea, coffee, and cocoa augment the effects of insulin. In addition, epidemiologic associations exist between greater consumption of such beverages and lower risk of diabetes. The beneficial effects of such beverages might be enhanced by changing the process of their preparation and substitution of other substances commonly added to caffeinated beverages that impair the effect of insulin, such as sugar or milk.
含咖啡因的饮料，最常见的是茶和咖啡，可能对胰岛素调节有重要影响，这使得它们的消费在葡萄糖和胰岛素代谢疾病（如糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病）的发展过程中的营养因素中占有重要地位。这些饮料中含有可能对胰岛素和葡萄糖产生相反作用的化合物：咖啡因会降低胰岛素敏感性，但茶、咖啡和可可中的多酚类分子增强了胰岛素的作用。此外，流行病学研究表明，饮用这些饮料越多，患糖尿病的风险越低。通过改变这些饮料的制备过程，并替代通常会降低胰岛素效果的其他物质，如糖或牛奶，可能会增强这些饮料的有益作用。
