Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstr. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Jacobs University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstr. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Jacobs University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
J Environ Manage. 2018 Mar 1;209:475-483. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.059. Epub 2018 Jan 6.
Coastal areas are under increasing pressure from rapid human population growth, yet empirical research on the effect of migration on coastal and marine resources is scarce. We contribute to this understudied literature by conducting an original household survey in a coastal region of Southeastern Ghana. This study employs two proxies for pro-environmental behavior that have not, to our knowledge, been used in the context of coastal migration, to explicitly compare migrant and non-migrant populations. Environmental attitudes toward coastal resources and individual extraction behavior in common-pool resource (CPR) experiments have shown broad relevance in the literature to understand natural resource decision making. We found that migrants in general did not differ significantly from non-migrants in relation to their environmental attitudes or their extraction behavior in the CPR game. However, when focusing on migrant fishers only, results suggested that this subgroup was less concerned about the utilization of coastal resources than non-migrant fishers and behaved less cooperatively in the CPR experiment. These findings, though, held true only for the subgroup of fishers, and could not be found for other occupational groups. Therefore, we conclude that migrants do not per se value coastal resources less or cooperate less in CPR situations, but that socioeconomic characteristics, and particularly their occupational status and their relation to the resource, matter.
沿海地区正面临着人口快速增长的巨大压力，但关于移民对沿海和海洋资源影响的实证研究却很少。我们在加纳东南部的一个沿海地区进行了一项原始的家庭调查，为这一研究不足的领域做出了贡献。本研究采用了两个在沿海移民背景下尚未使用过的、对环境友好行为的代理变量，明确比较了移民和非移民群体。在文献中，人们普遍认为对沿海资源的环境态度和共同资源（CPR）实验中的个体提取行为与理解自然资源决策有广泛的相关性。我们发现，一般来说，移民在环境态度或 CPR 游戏中的提取行为方面与非移民没有显著差异。然而，当仅关注渔民移民时，结果表明，与非渔民移民相比，这一移民亚群对利用沿海资源的关注较少，在 CPR 实验中的合作行为也较少。然而，这些发现仅适用于渔民亚群，而不适用于其他职业群体。因此，我们的结论是，移民本身并不是对沿海资源的价值评价较低或在 CPR 情况下合作较少，而是社会经济特征，特别是他们的职业地位及其与资源的关系，起着重要作用。
