Liu Q C, Duo C H, Wang Z, Yan K, Zhang J, Xiong W, Zhu M
National Research Center for Occupational Safety and Health, Beijing 102308, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2017 Nov 20;35(11):852-854. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.11.013.
To investigate hearing loss status of blasters, drillers mechanics and so on in underground mining, and put forward suggestion diagnosis of occupational explosive deafness and occupational deafness. Underground excavation workers in a metal mine were recruited in this study, those with a history of ear disease and non-occupational deafness were all excluded. Finally, the features of pure tone audiometry of 459 noise-exposed workers were analyzed. High-frequency hearing loss occurred on 351workers and the positive detection rate was 74.29%, workers who had both high-frequency and linguistic frequency hearing loss were 51 and the positive detection rate was 11.11%. The positive detection of high-frequency hearing loss in right ear (χ(2)=9.427 and = 0.024) and in left ear (χ(2)=14.375, =0.002) was significantly different between different exposure age groups. The positive detection of high-frequency hearing loss of driving group was the highest, followed by blasting group, mining group and machine repair group. The characteristics of the hearing loss caused by drilling noise of the blasting workers with no accident occurred were in line with that of noise-induced hearing loss. The diagnosis grading should be carried out according to the diagnostic criteria of occupational noise-induced deafness for the employees who engaged in the blasting operation with no record of blast accident.
为调查地下采矿中放炮工、钻孔工、机械工等的听力损失状况，提出职业性爆震聋和职业性耳聋的诊断建议。本研究招募了某金属矿的井下采掘工人，排除有耳部疾病史和非职业性耳聋者。最后分析了459名噪声暴露工人的纯音听力测定特征。351名工人出现高频听力损失，阳性检出率为74.29%；高频和语言频率均有听力损失的工人有51名，阳性检出率为11.11%。不同暴露年龄组右耳（χ(2)=9.427，P=0.024）和左耳（χ(2)=14.375，P=0.002）高频听力损失阳性检出率差异有统计学意义。驾驶组高频听力损失阳性检出率最高，其次为放炮组、采矿组和机修组。未发生事故的放炮工人钻孔噪声所致听力损失特征符合噪声性听力损失。对于从事放炮作业且无放炮事故记录的员工，应按照职业性噪声聋诊断标准进行诊断分级。
