Bashirian Saeed, Shirahmadi Samaneh, Seyedzadeh-Sabounchi Shabnam, Soltanian Ali Reza, Karimi-Shahanjarini Akram, Vahdatinia Farshid
Social Determinants of Health Research Center and Department of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
BMC Oral Health. 2018 Jan 10;18(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12903-017-0464-4.
Dental caries among Iranian elementary school children aged 6-12 years continue to rise. To estimate treatment needs and guide health initiatives, current epidemiologic data are required. Such data are currently unavailable for dental health. The purpose of this study was to assess caries experience, dental plaque, and associated factors in elementary school-aged children from Iran.
In this cross-sectional study, 988 elementary school children aged 7-12 years were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Dental caries was studied using the WHO criteria, dental plaque was examined according to O'Leary index. Data on parental education and occupation, living district, dental pain within the past year, and tooth brushing habits under parental supervision were collected through interviews based on questionnaire. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and logistic and linear regression.
The mean (SD) age of the elementary school children was 9.64 (1.73) years. The highest dmft was seen in elementary school children aged 7-8 years 6.53 (4.37) and the highest DMFT and dental plaque was in 12 year olds recorded as 1.17 (1.77) and 51.97 (25.86), respectively. The proportion of decayed teeth in 7 years old elementary school based on dmft index was 80.36%, moreover, the proportion in 12 years old elementary school was 40.17% based on the DMFT index. Age, gender, and dental pain within the past year were significantly associated with DMFT and dmft. The odds of developing dental caries (DMFT) was 1.70 times higher in girls than in boys (p < 0.001) and 1.72 times higher in the students that reported dental pain frequently than in those who did not (p = 0.005). The chance of developing dental caries (dmft) was 0.47 times lower in girls than boys (p < 0.001). Age was significantly correlated with dental plaque such that Plaque Index increased by 2.44 times per one year increase in age (p < 0.001).
Results indicated that dental caries experience and plaque formation among elementary school children in Hamadan were high and they were influenced by their sociodemographic factors. The associations found can be used as a helpful guide for planning accurate preventive programs for elementary school children in this region.
伊朗6至12岁小学生的龋齿患病率持续上升。为了估计治疗需求并指导健康倡议，需要当前的流行病学数据。目前尚无此类牙齿健康数据。本研究的目的是评估伊朗小学生的龋齿经历、牙菌斑及相关因素。
在这项横断面研究中，通过多阶段整群抽样选取了988名7至12岁的小学生。采用世界卫生组织标准研究龋齿，根据奥利里指数检查牙菌斑。通过基于问卷的访谈收集有关父母教育程度和职业、居住地区、过去一年的牙痛情况以及在父母监督下的刷牙习惯的数据。对数据进行描述性统计分析以及逻辑回归和线性回归分析。
小学生的平均（标准差）年龄为9.64（1.73）岁。7至8岁小学生的龋失补牙面数（dmft）最高，为6.53（4.37），12岁学生的恒牙龋失补牙数（DMFT）和牙菌斑最高，分别记录为1.17（1.77）和51.97（25.86）。基于dmft指数，7岁小学生的龋齿比例为80.36%，此外，基于DMFT指数，12岁小学生的龋齿比例为40.17%。年龄、性别和过去一年的牙痛情况与DMFT和dmft显著相关。女孩患龋齿（DMFT）的几率比男孩高1.70倍（p<0.001），经常报告牙痛的学生患龋齿的几率比未报告的学生高1.72倍（p=0.005）。女孩患龋齿（dmft）的几率比男孩低0.47倍（p<0.001）。年龄与牙菌斑显著相关，年龄每增加一岁，菌斑指数增加2.44倍（p<0.001）。
结果表明，哈马丹小学生的龋齿经历和牙菌斑形成情况较高，且受到社会人口学因素的影响。所发现的关联可为该地区小学生制定准确的预防计划提供有益指导。
