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自闭症和威廉姆斯综合征中社会行为异常的神经生物学

Neurobiology of social behavior abnormalities in autism and Williams syndrome.

作者信息

Barak Boaz, Feng Guoping

机构信息

McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

Department of Brain &Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

出版信息

Nat Neurosci. 2016 Apr 26;19(6):647-655. doi: 10.1038/nn.4276.

Abstract

Social behavior is a basic behavior mediated by multiple brain regions and neural circuits, and is crucial for the survival and development of animals and humans. Two neuropsychiatric disorders that have prominent social behavior abnormalities are autism spectrum disorders (ASD), which is characterized mainly by hyposociability, and Williams syndrome (WS), whose subjects exhibit hypersociability. Here we review the unique properties of social behavior in ASD and WS, and discuss the major theories in social behavior in the context of these disorders. We conclude with a discussion of the research questions needing further exploration to enhance our understanding of social behavior abnormalities.

摘要

社会行为是一种由多个脑区和神经回路介导的基本行为,对动物和人类的生存与发展至关重要。两种具有显著社会行为异常的神经精神疾病是自闭症谱系障碍(ASD),其主要特征是社交能力低下,以及威廉姆斯综合征(WS),该综合征患者表现出社交过度。在此,我们综述了ASD和WS中社会行为的独特特性,并在这些疾病的背景下讨论了社会行为的主要理论。最后,我们讨论了需要进一步探索的研究问题,以增进我们对社会行为异常的理解。

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