实验室培育的长腕寄居蟹（Pagurus longicarpus Say）的幼体发育。III. 对盐度变化的行为反应。

LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF PAGURUS LONGICARPUS SAY REARED IN THE LABORATORY. III. BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO SALINITY DISCONTINUITIES.

Roberts Morris H

Biol Bull. 1971 Jun;140(3):489-501. doi: 10.2307/1540283.

Abstract

Each zoeal instar of P. longicarpus was exposed to salinity discontinuities of varying magnitudes. Three distinct behavioral responses were observed: telson flips regardless of the magnitude of the discontinuity; downward swimming when the magnitude of the discontinuity was moderate; passive sinking when the magnitude of the discontinuity was extreme. 2. All zoeal instars avoided water with a salinity of ca. 20‰ or less, well within the range of salinity permitting complete development to the juvenile. 3. Avoidance of low salinity layers in stratified columns by Zoea I and II appeared to be a function of an absolute salinity (S≃20-22‰) when the salinity of the lower layer (S) was less than 25‰ and a function of salinity difference (ΔS) when S was greater than 25‰ (ΔS≃8‰ for Zoea I; ΔS≃5‰ for Zoea II). Avoidance of bow salinity layers by Zoea III and IV appeared to be a fuction of absolute salinity (S≃20‰) regardless of S over the range of S tested. 4. Evidence is presented that the antennules and antennae may not be involved in detection of salinity discontinuities.

摘要

将长腕哲水蚤的每个无节幼体期暴露于不同幅度的盐度梯度变化中。观察到三种不同的行为反应：无论盐度梯度幅度如何，尾叉都会翻转；当盐度梯度幅度适中时，向下游动；当盐度梯度幅度极大时，被动下沉。2. 所有无节幼体期都避开盐度约为20‰或更低的水，而这一盐度范围完全在允许发育至幼体的盐度范围内。3. 当下层盐度（S）小于25‰时，第一期和第二期无节幼体避开分层水柱中的低盐度层似乎是绝对盐度（S≃20 - 22‰）的函数，而当S大于25‰时，则是盐度差（ΔS）的函数（第一期无节幼体的ΔS≃8‰；第二期无节幼体的ΔS≃5‰）。第三期和第四期无节幼体避开低盐度层似乎是绝对盐度（S≃20‰）的函数，与测试范围内的S无关。4. 有证据表明，小触角和触角可能不参与盐度梯度的检测。