Spealman R D
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1985 Nov;235(2):456-62.
Squirrel monkeys were trained to respond on one of two levers depending on whether midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) or saline had been injected. After i.v. injections of midazolam 10 consecutive responses on one lever either produced food or terminated a stimulus associated with electric shock, whereas after i.v. injections of saline 10 consecutive responses on the other lever either produced food or terminated the stimulus. The discriminative-stimulus effects of drugs were determined by administering cumulative doses i.v. during timeout periods that preceded sequential components of the experimental session. The benzodiazepines midazolam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam and N-desmethyldiazepam, the cyclopyrrolone zopiclone and the triazolopyridazine CL 218,872 had qualitatively similar stimulus effects regardless of the type of consequence (food presentation or stimulus-shock termination) that maintained responding. Administration of each of these drugs resulted in greater than 90% of responses on the midazolam-associated lever at cumulative doses that did not severely suppress the overall rate of responding. The order of potency was: midazolam = diazepam greater than or equal to N-desmethyldiazepam greater than or equal to zopiclone greater than CL 218,872 greater than or equal to chlordiazepoxide. Administration of the 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonists cyproheptadine and cinanserin also resulted in greater than 90% of responses on the midazolam-associated lever in about half the subjects, although these effects were observed only with cumulative doses that markedly reduced the overall rate of responding. Administration of pentobarbital, barbital, clozapine, muscimol, buspirone, diphenhydramine, tripelennamine, caffeine and Ro 15-1788 did not result in substantial responding on the midazolam-associated lever at doses up to those that reduced or eliminated responding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
松鼠猴经过训练，根据注射的是咪达唑仑（0.3毫克/千克）还是生理盐水，对两个杠杆中的一个做出反应。静脉注射咪达唑仑后，在一个杠杆上连续做出10次反应，要么获得食物，要么终止与电击相关的刺激；而静脉注射生理盐水后，在另一个杠杆上连续做出10次反应，同样要么获得食物，要么终止刺激。药物的辨别刺激效应通过在实验环节各连续部分之前的超时期间静脉注射累积剂量来确定。苯二氮䓬类药物咪达唑仑、氯氮卓、地西泮和N -去甲基地西泮、环吡咯酮佐匹克隆以及三唑并哒嗪CL 218,872，无论维持反应的后果类型（食物呈现或刺激 - 电击终止）如何，都具有定性相似的刺激效应。给予这些药物中的每一种，在累积剂量未严重抑制总体反应率时，超过90%的反应发生在与咪达唑仑相关的杠杆上。效力顺序为：咪达唑仑 = 地西泮≥N -去甲基地西泮≥佐匹克隆＞CL 218,872≥氯氮卓。给予5 -羟色胺拮抗剂赛庚啶和辛那色林，在大约一半的受试动物中也导致超过90%的反应发生在与咪达唑仑相关的杠杆上，不过这些效应仅在显著降低总体反应率的累积剂量下才观察到。给予戊巴比妥、巴比妥、氯氮平、蝇蕈醇、丁螺环酮、苯海拉明、曲吡那敏、咖啡因和Ro 15 - 1788，在剂量达到降低或消除反应之前，并未在与咪达唑仑相关的杠杆上产生大量反应。（摘要截选至250字）
