Clinical significance of Iroquois Homeobox Gene - IRX1 in human glioma.

The present study aimed to investigate the location, expression and clinical significance of Iroquois homeobox gene (IRX1) in human glioma. The expression of IRX1 gene in glioma cell lines (U87, U373, LN229 and T98G) and normal brain tissue was detected via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The IRX1 protein in fresh glioma specimens, with the adjacent normal brain tissue, was quantified through western blotting. The archived glioma only specimens from the present hospital and glioma specimens with adjacent normal brain tissue, from Alenabio biotechnology, were subjected to immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray analysis, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to assess the correlation between the IRX1 level and the overall survival time of the patients. IRX1 gene was demonstrated to be expressed at varying levels in U373, LN229 and T98G cells, however not in U87 cells and normal brain tissue. Western blotting revealed increased IRX1 expression in glioma tissue compared with adjacent normal brain tissue. Furthermore, a direct correlation was observed between the IRX1 expression and the clinical glioma grade, with a significant difference in the gene expression between high grade and low grade glioma (P<0.05). Notably, IRX1 was identified to be localized to the cytoplasm in the adjacent normal brain and World Health Organization grade I glioma, whereas was identified to be present in the nucleus in higher grade glioma. In addition to being established as a significant prognostic variable, IRX1 expression was positively correlated with the overall survival of glioma patients. IRX1 gene may therefore exhibit an oncogenic role in glioma condition, and thus may be of clinical importance as a future therapeutic target.