Ellis Harold
Emeritus Professor of Surgery, University of London, Department of Anatomy, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
J Perioper Pract. 2016 Sep;26(9):205-206. doi: 10.1177/175045891602600904.
The introduction of inhalation anaesthesia, first by the use of ether in 1845 and then of chloroform in the following year, saw an explosion in the range and extent of major surgical procedures as patients were spared the agonies of the surgeon's knife. A good example of this was the operation of pharyngotomy - opening the cervical oesophagus through a lateral incision of the neck - to remove an impacted foreign body. One cannot imagine a surgeon being able to do this without the benefit of an anaesthetic! Edward Cock, a surgeon at Guy's Hospital, performed this operation successfully on two occasions; the second was reported in detail in the Guy's Hospital Reports 1868, Volume 28.
1845年首次使用乙醚，次年又使用氯仿引入吸入麻醉后，随着患者免受手术刀之苦，大型外科手术的范围和程度出现了爆发式增长。咽切开术就是一个很好的例子——通过颈部外侧切口打开颈段食管——以取出嵌顿的异物。很难想象外科医生在没有麻醉的情况下能够进行这样的手术！盖伊医院的外科医生爱德华·科克成功地进行了两次这样的手术；第二次手术的详细报告发表在1868年《盖伊医院报告》第28卷上。
