Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607-7022, USA; Multifunctional Structural Composite Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composites Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Chudong-ro 92, Bondong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55324, Republic of Korea.
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607-7022, USA; School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2018 Feb;252:21-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.12.010. Epub 2017 Dec 24.
Here, we review the state-of-the-art in the field of engineered self-healing materials. These materials mimic the functionalities of various natural materials found in the human body (e.g., the healing of skin and bones by the vascular system). The fabrication methods used to produce these "vascular-system-like" engineered self-healing materials, such as electrospinning (including co-electrospinning and emulsion spinning) and solution blowing (including coaxial solution blowing and emulsion blowing) are discussed in detail. Further, a few other approaches involving the use of hollow fibers are also described. In addition, various currently used healing materials/agents, such as dicyclopentadiene and Grubbs' catalyst, poly(dimethyl siloxane), and bisphenol-A-based epoxy, are described. We also review the characterization methods employed to verify the physical and chemical aspects of self-healing, that is, the methods used to confirm that the healing agent has been released and that it has resulted in healing, as well as the morphological changes induced in the damaged material by the healing agent. These characterization methods include different visualization and spectroscopy techniques and thermal analysis methods. Special attention is paid to the characterization of the mechanical consequences of self-healing. The effects of self-healing on the mechanical properties such as stiffness and adhesion of the damaged material are evaluated using the tensile test, double cantilever beam test, plane strip test, bending test, and adhesion test (e.g., blister test). Finally, the future direction of the development of these systems is discussed.
在这里，我们回顾了工程自修复材料领域的最新进展。这些材料模仿了人体中各种天然材料的功能（例如，血管系统修复皮肤和骨骼）。详细讨论了用于生产这些“类似血管系统”的工程自修复材料的制造方法，如静电纺丝（包括共静电纺丝和乳液纺丝）和溶液吹塑（包括同轴溶液吹塑和乳液吹塑）。此外，还描述了涉及使用中空纤维的其他几种方法。此外，还介绍了各种目前使用的愈合材料/剂，如双环戊二烯和 Grubbs 催化剂、聚二甲基硅氧烷和双酚 A 基环氧树脂。我们还回顾了用于验证自修复物理和化学方面的表征方法，即用于确认愈合剂已释放并已导致愈合以及由愈合剂在受损材料中引起的形态变化的方法。这些表征方法包括不同的可视化和光谱技术以及热分析方法。特别关注自修复的机械后果的表征。使用拉伸试验、双悬臂梁试验、平面条带试验、弯曲试验和粘附试验（例如，起泡试验）评估自修复对受损材料的刚度和粘附等机械性能的影响。最后，讨论了这些系统的未来发展方向。
