Kardol Paul, De Long Jonathan R
Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, Netherlands.
F1000Res. 2018 Jan 2;7:4. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.13008.1. eCollection 2018.
There are great concerns about the impacts of soil biodiversity loss on ecosystem functions and services such as nutrient cycling, food production, and carbon storage. A diverse community of soil organisms that together comprise a complex food web mediates such ecosystem functions and services. Recent advances have shed light on the key drivers of soil food web structure, but a conceptual integration is lacking. Here, we explore how human-induced changes in plant community composition influence soil food webs. We present a framework describing the mechanistic underpinnings of how shifts in plant litter and root traits and microclimatic variables impact on the diversity, structure, and function of the soil food web. We then illustrate our framework by discussing how shifts in plant communities resulting from land-use change, climatic change, and species invasions affect soil food web structure and functioning. We argue that unravelling the mechanistic links between plant community trait composition and soil food webs is essential to understanding the cascading effects of anthropogenic shifts in plant communities on ecosystem functions and services.
土壤生物多样性丧失对生态系统功能和服务（如养分循环、粮食生产和碳储存）的影响引发了人们的高度关注。由多种土壤生物共同构成的复杂食物网介导了这些生态系统功能和服务。近期的研究进展揭示了土壤食物网结构的关键驱动因素，但仍缺乏概念上的整合。在此，我们探讨人类引起的植物群落组成变化如何影响土壤食物网。我们提出了一个框架，描述了植物凋落物和根系性状以及微气候变量的变化如何影响土壤食物网的多样性、结构和功能的作用机制。然后，我们通过讨论土地利用变化、气候变化和物种入侵导致的植物群落变化如何影响土壤食物网的结构和功能来说明我们的框架。我们认为，阐明植物群落性状组成与土壤食物网之间的作用机制联系对于理解植物群落人为变化对生态系统功能和服务的级联效应至关重要。
