Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Ann Surg. 2018 Aug;268(2):193-200. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002662.
The aim of this study was to evaluate sex differences in full professorship among a comprehensive, contemporary cohort of US academic surgeons.
Previous work demonstrates that women are less likely than men to be full professors in academic medicine, and in certain surgical subspecialties. Whether sex differences in academic rank exist across all surgical fields, and after adjustment for confounders, is not known.
A comprehensive list of surgeons with faculty appointments at US medical schools in 2014 was obtained from Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) faculty roster and linked to a comprehensive physician database from Doximity, an online physician networking website, which contained the following data for all physicians: sex, age, years since residency, publication number (total and first/last author), clinical trials participation, National Institutes of Health grants, and surgical subspecialty. A 20% sample of 2013 Medicare payments for care was added to this dataset. Multivariable regression models were used to estimate sex differences in full professorship, adjusting for these variables and medical school-specific fixed effects.
Among 11,549 surgeon faculty at US medical schools in 2014, 1692 (14.7%) were women. Women comprised 19.4% of assistant professors (1072/5538), 13.8% of associate professors (404/2931), and 7.0% of full professors (216/3080). After multivariable analysis, women were less likely to be full professors than men (adjusted odds ratio: 0.76, 95% confidence interval: 0.6-0.9).
Among surgical faculty at US medical schools in 2014, women were less likely than men to be full professors after adjustment for multiple factors known to impact faculty rank.
本研究旨在评估美国学术外科医生综合当代队列中教授级别的性别差异。
先前的研究表明，女性在学术医学中成为全职教授的可能性低于男性，在某些外科亚专业中也是如此。在所有外科领域，以及在调整混杂因素后，是否存在学术职称的性别差异尚不清楚。
从美国医学院协会（AAMC）的教员名单中获得了 2014 年在美国医学院任职的外科医生的综合名单，并将其与 Doximity 上的综合医师数据库相关联，该数据库是一个在线医师网络，其中包含所有医师的以下数据：性别、年龄、住院医师后年限、出版物数量（总数量和第一/最后作者）、临床试验参与情况、美国国立卫生研究院拨款和外科亚专业。为这个数据集添加了 2013 年医疗保险支付护理的 20%随机样本。使用多变量回归模型，根据这些变量和医学院特定的固定效应，估计教授级别的性别差异。
在 2014 年美国医学院的 11549 名外科教师中，有 1692 名（14.7%）是女性。女性占助理教授（5538 名中的 1072 名）的 19.4%，副教授（2931 名中的 404 名）的 13.8%和教授（3080 名中的 216 名）的 7.0%。经过多变量分析，女性成为全职教授的可能性低于男性（调整后的优势比：0.76，95%置信区间：0.6-0.9）。
在 2014 年美国医学院的外科教师中，在调整了已知影响教职等级的多个因素后，女性成为全职教授的可能性低于男性。
