Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
Neuroscience. 2018 Mar 1;373:37-51. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.004. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
Activity of neuronal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a primary source of PG synthesis in the normal brain, is enhanced by excitatory neurotransmission and this is thought to be involved in seizure suppression. Results herein showing that the incidence of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions is suppressed in transgenic mice overexpressing COX-2 in neurons support this notion. T-cell intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) is an mRNA binding protein that is known to bind to COX-2 mRNA and repress its translation in non-neuronal cell types. An examination of the expression profile of TIA-1 protein in the normal brain indicated that it is expressed broadly by neurons, including those that express COX-2. However, whether TIA-1 regulates COX-2 protein levels in neurons is not known. The purpose of this study was to test the possibility that deletion of TIA-1 increases basal COX-2 expression in neurons and consequently raises the seizure threshold. Results demonstrate that neither the basal nor seizure-induced expression profiles of COX-2 were altered in mice lacking a functional TIA-1 gene suggesting that TIA-1 does not contribute to regulation of COX-2 protein expression in neurons. The acute PTZ-induced seizure threshold was also unchanged in mice lacking TIA-1 protein, indicating that this RNA binding protein does not influence the innate seizure threshold. Nevertheless, the results raise the possibility that the level of neuronal COX-2 expression may be a determinant of the innate seizure threshold and suggest that a better understanding of the regulation of COX-2 expression in the brain could provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms that suppress seizure induction.
神经元环氧化酶-2(COX-2)的活性是正常大脑中 PG 合成的主要来源,其可被兴奋性神经递质增强,而这被认为与抑制癫痫发作有关。本文的研究结果表明,在神经元中过表达 COX-2 的转基因小鼠中,戊四氮(PTZ)诱导的惊厥发作的发生率降低,这支持了这一观点。T 细胞内抗原-1(TIA-1)是一种 mRNA 结合蛋白,已知其可与 COX-2 mRNA 结合并抑制其在非神经元细胞类型中的翻译。对正常脑中 TIA-1 蛋白表达谱的检查表明,它广泛表达于神经元,包括表达 COX-2 的神经元。然而,TIA-1 是否调节神经元中的 COX-2 蛋白水平尚不清楚。本研究的目的是检验 TIA-1 缺失是否会增加神经元中 COX-2 的基础表达,从而提高癫痫发作阈值。结果表明,在缺乏功能性 TIA-1 基因的小鼠中,COX-2 的基础表达和癫痫发作诱导的表达谱均未改变,这表明 TIA-1 不会影响神经元中 COX-2 蛋白表达的调节。缺乏 TIA-1 蛋白的小鼠的急性 PTZ 诱导性癫痫发作阈值也没有改变,表明这种 RNA 结合蛋白不会影响固有癫痫发作阈值。然而,这些结果提出了神经元 COX-2 表达水平可能是固有癫痫发作阈值的决定因素的可能性,并表明对 COX-2 在大脑中表达的调节的更好理解可能为抑制癫痫发作诱导的分子机制提供新的见解。