van der Velden Peter G, van der Meulen Erik, Lenferink Lonneke I M, Yzermans Joris C
INTERVICT, Tilburg University, the Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Scand J Psychol. 2018 Jun;59(3):281-288. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12426. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
Research has shown that the amount of media exposure is associated with post-event mental health problems. Whether bereaved individuals have negative experiences with media reports and whether they are associated with post-event mental health is unclear. This study evaluated these experiences and associations following the MH17-disaster. How media reports were experienced (nine topics, modified MAS), depression symptoms (QIDS-SR), functional problems (WSAS) and event-related coping-self-efficacy (CSE) were assessed about one year post-disaster (May-August 2015) among Dutch bereaved (N = 152). A substantial minority reported negative experiences such as reports made me angry (30%) and made me sad (48%). Latent profile analysis with symptoms, problems and coping self-efficacy as indicators, identified four classes of post-disaster mental health: a Well-functioning , 35.1%; a Mild-problems , 30.4%; a Sub-clinical , 27.0%; and a Clinical , 7.4%. Differences in symptoms, problems and coping self-efficacy levels between classes were large according to Cohen's ds. Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) showed that the Clinical compared to the Well-functioning , more often that felt that reports strongly "embarrassed me," "made me feel sad," "filled me with fear" and "served as a magnifying glass." Future research should assess opportunities and effects of limiting media consumption.
研究表明，媒体曝光量与事件后的心理健康问题有关。丧亲者是否对媒体报道有负面体验，以及这些体验是否与事件后的心理健康相关尚不清楚。本研究评估了马航17号航班灾难后这些体验及关联。在灾难发生约一年后（2015年5月至8月），对152名荷兰丧亲者评估了他们对媒体报道的体验（九个主题，修改后的媒体应对量表）、抑郁症状（快速抑郁症状自评量表）、功能问题（工作与社会适应量表）以及与事件相关的应对自我效能感（应对自我效能）。相当一部分人报告了负面体验，比如报道让我生气（30%）和让我悲伤（48%）。以症状、问题和应对自我效能感为指标的潜在剖面分析确定了四类灾后心理健康状况：功能良好型，占35.1%；轻度问题型，占30.4%；亚临床型，占27.0%；临床型，占7.4%。根据科恩效应量，不同类型之间在症状、问题和应对自我效能水平上的差异很大。多变量逻辑回归分析显示，与功能良好型相比，临床型更常感觉报道强烈地“让我尴尬”“让我悲伤”“让我充满恐惧”以及“起到了放大镜的作用”。未来研究应评估限制媒体接触的机会和效果。
