Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Curr Med Chem. 2018;25(17):1999-2008. doi: 10.2174/0929867325666180117101532.
Recent advances in multiple omics technologies and the advent of massively parallel sequencing provide technical supports for the implementation of precision medicine. The precision medicine emphasizes that heterogeneous diseases can be well classified into more precise subtypes by the powerful detection methods and integration of clinical features, so that the clinicians should develop more accurate diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for the disease subtype population in an effort to maximize the efficacy and minimize the unnecessary side effects. Oncology is at the forefront of precision medicine, as malignant tumors have significant heterogeneity and are among the leading causes of death nationally and worldwide. The incidence and mortality of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), a kind of extraordinarily heterogeneous malignancy, have been increasing worldwide, making it a major public health concern. Such heterogeneity affects key signaling pathways, driving phenotypic variation, influences tumor evolution, and poses severe challenges to HCC treatment. The application of precision medicine will have certain impact on HCC diagnosis and treatment strategies. Herein, we summarize the updates and challenges in high-risk population screening, prevention, diagnosis, staging and therapy of HCC under the concept of precision medicine.
近年来，多种组学技术的进步和大规模平行测序的出现为实施精准医学提供了技术支持。精准医学强调，通过强大的检测方法和临床特征的整合，可以将异质性疾病很好地分类为更精确的亚型，从而使临床医生能够为疾病亚型人群制定更准确的诊断和治疗策略，以最大限度地提高疗效，减少不必要的副作用。肿瘤学处于精准医学的前沿，因为恶性肿瘤具有显著的异质性，是国内外主要的死亡原因。肝癌（HCC）是一种异质性极高的恶性肿瘤，其发病率和死亡率在全球范围内呈上升趋势，成为一个主要的公共卫生关注点。这种异质性影响关键的信号通路，驱动表型的变化，影响肿瘤的进化，对 HCC 的治疗构成严重挑战。精准医学的应用将对 HCC 的诊断和治疗策略产生一定的影响。在此，我们总结了精准医学概念下 HCC 高危人群筛查、预防、诊断、分期和治疗方面的最新进展和挑战。
