Burr Stephen J, McCullough Deborah G, Poland Therese M
Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, Natural Science Building, East Lansing, MI.
Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
Environ Entomol. 2018 Feb 8;47(1):121-132. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvx200.
Emerald ash borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), an invasive phloem-feeding buprestid, has killed hundreds of millions of ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees in the United States and two Canadian provinces. We evaluated EAB persistence in post-invasion sites and compared EAB adult captures and larval densities in 24 forested sites across an east-west gradient in southern Michigan representing the Core (post-invasion), Crest (high EAB populations), and Cusp (recently infested areas) of the EAB invasion wave. Condition of green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh) trees were recorded in fixed radius plots and linear transects in each site. Ash mortality was highest in Core sites in the southeast, moderate in Crest sites in central southern Michigan, and low in Cusp sites in the southwest. Traps and trap trees in Crest sites accounted for 75 and 60% of all EAB beetles captured in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Populations of EAB were present in all Core sites and traps in these sites captured 13% of all beetles each year. Beetle captures and larval densities at Cusp sites roughly doubled between 2010 and 2011, reflecting the increasing EAB populations. Sticky bands on girdled trees captured the highest density of EAB beetles per m2 of area, while baited double-decker traps had the highest detection rates and captured the most beetles. Larval densities were higher on girdled ash than on similar ungirdled trees and small planted trees. Woodpecker predation and a native larval parasitoid were present in all three invasion regions but had minor effects on ash survival and EAB densities.
翡翠灰螟（EAB）（Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire）（鞘翅目：吉丁甲科）是一种入侵性的取食韧皮部的吉丁甲，已在美国和加拿大的两个省份杀死了数亿棵灰树（白蜡属树种）。我们评估了翡翠灰螟在入侵后地区的持续存在情况，并比较了密歇根州南部一个东西向梯度上24个森林地区的翡翠灰螟成虫捕获量和幼虫密度，这些地区代表了翡翠灰螟入侵浪潮的核心区（入侵后）、顶峰区（翡翠灰螟高种群区）和尖端区（最近受侵染地区）。在每个地点的固定半径样地和线性样带中记录了绿灰树（Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh）的状况。东南部核心区的灰树死亡率最高，密歇根州中南部顶峰区的死亡率中等，西南部尖端区的死亡率较低。顶峰区的诱捕器和诱捕树分别占2010年和2011年捕获的所有翡翠灰螟甲虫的75%和60%。所有核心区都有翡翠灰螟种群，这些地区的诱捕器每年捕获的甲虫占所有甲虫的13%。2010年至2011年期间，尖端区的甲虫捕获量和幼虫密度大致翻了一番，反映出翡翠灰螟种群数量的增加。环剥树上的粘带每平方米捕获的翡翠灰螟甲虫密度最高，而诱饵双层诱捕器的检测率最高，捕获的甲虫最多。环剥灰树上的幼虫密度高于类似的未环剥树和小种植树。啄木鸟捕食和一种本地幼虫寄生蜂在所有三个入侵区域都有，但对灰树存活和翡翠灰螟密度影响较小。
