Choi Jinlyung, Rieke Elizabeth L, Moorman Thomas B, Soupir Michelle L, Allen Heather K, Smith Schuyler D, Howe Adina
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, 1201 Sukup Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, USDA-ARS, 2110 University Blvd, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2018 Apr 1;94(4). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiy006.
Use of antibiotics in human and animal medicine has applied selective pressure for the global dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is of interest to develop strategies to mitigate the continued amplification and transmission of resistance genes in environmental reservoirs such as farms, hospitals and watersheds. However, the efficacy of mitigation strategies is difficult to evaluate because it is unclear which resistance genes are important to monitor, and which primers to use to detect those genes. Here, we evaluated the diversity of one type of macrolide antibiotic resistance gene (erm) in one type of environment (manure) to determine which primers would be most informative to use in a mitigation study of that environment. We analyzed all known erm genes and assessed the ability of previously published erm primers to detect the diversity. The results showed that all known erm resistance genes group into 66 clusters, and 25 of these clusters (40%) can be targeted with primers found in the literature. These primers can target 74%-85% of the erm gene diversity in the manures analyzed.
在人类和动物医学中使用抗生素对全球范围内抗生素耐药菌的传播施加了选择压力。因此，制定策略以减轻耐药基因在农场、医院和流域等环境库中的持续扩增和传播具有重要意义。然而，减轻策略的效果很难评估，因为不清楚哪些耐药基因对于监测很重要，以及使用哪些引物来检测这些基因。在此，我们评估了一种环境（粪便）中一类大环内酯类抗生素耐药基因（erm）的多样性，以确定在该环境的减轻研究中使用哪些引物最具信息量。我们分析了所有已知的erm基因，并评估了先前发表的erm引物检测多样性的能力。结果表明，所有已知的erm耐药基因分为66个簇，其中25个簇（40%）可以用文献中发现的引物进行靶向。这些引物可以靶向所分析粪便中74%-85%的erm基因多样性。
