Tajima Hiroyasu, Hayashi Masahito
Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Graduate School of Mathematics, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
Phys Rev E. 2017 Jul;96(1-1):012128. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012128. Epub 2017 Jul 13.
The optimal efficiency of quantum (or classical) heat engines whose heat baths are n-particle systems is given by the strong large deviation. We give the optimal work extraction process as a concrete energy-preserving unitary time evolution among the heat baths and the work storage. We show that our optimal work extraction turns the disordered energy of the heat baths to the ordered energy of the work storage, by evaluating the ratio of the entropy difference to the energy difference in the heat baths and the work storage, respectively. By comparing the statistical mechanical optimal efficiency with the macroscopic thermodynamic bound, we evaluate the accuracy of the macroscopic thermodynamics with finite-size heat baths from the statistical mechanical viewpoint. We also evaluate the quantum coherence effect on the optimal efficiency of the cycle processes without restricting their cycle time by comparing the classical and quantum optimal efficiencies.
其热库为n粒子系统的量子（或经典）热机的最优效率由强的大偏差给出。我们给出最优功提取过程，它是热库与功存储之间具体的能量守恒幺正时间演化。通过分别评估热库与功存储中熵差与能量差的比值，我们表明我们的最优功提取将热库的无序能量转化为功存储的有序能量。通过将统计力学最优效率与宏观热力学界限进行比较，我们从统计力学观点评估了具有有限尺寸热库的宏观热力学的准确性。通过比较经典和量子最优效率，我们还评估了量子相干对循环过程最优效率的影响，而不限制它们的循环时间。
