Department of Physics, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P.O. Box 179, Ardabil, Iran.
Physics and Accelerators Research School, NSTRI, AEOI 11365-3486, Tehran, Iran.
Phys Rev E. 2017 Nov;96(5-1):052127. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.96.052127. Epub 2017 Nov 17.
The self-organized criticality on the random fractal networks has many motivations, like the movement pattern of fluid in the porous media. In addition to the randomness, introducing correlation between the neighboring portions of the porous media has some nontrivial effects. In this paper, we consider the Ising-like interactions between the active sites as the simplest method to bring correlations in the porous media, and we investigate the statistics of the BTW model in it. These correlations are controlled by the artificial "temperature" T and the sign of the Ising coupling. Based on our numerical results, we propose that at the Ising critical temperature T_{c} the model is compatible with the universality class of two-dimensional (2D) self-avoiding walk (SAW). Especially the fractal dimension of the loops, which are defined as the external frontier of the avalanches, is very close to D_{f}^{SAW}=4/3. Also, the corresponding open curves has conformal invariance with the root-mean-square distance R_{rms}∼t^{3/4} (t being the parametrization of the curve) in accordance with the 2D SAW. In the finite-size study, we observe that at T=T_{c} the model has some aspects compatible with the 2D BTW model (e.g., the 1/log(L)-dependence of the exponents of the distribution functions) and some in accordance with the Ising model (e.g., the 1/L-dependence of the fractal dimensions). The finite-size scaling theory is tested and shown to be fulfilled for all statistical observables in T=T_{c}. In the off-critical temperatures in the close vicinity of T_{c} the exponents show some additional power-law behaviors in terms of T-T_{c} with some exponents that are reported in the text. The spanning cluster probability at the critical temperature also scales with L^{1/2}, which is different from the regular 2D BTW model.
自组织临界性在随机分形网络上有许多动机,例如多孔介质中流体的运动模式。除了随机性之外,引入多孔介质中相邻部分之间的相关性会产生一些非平凡的影响。在本文中,我们考虑了类似于伊辛相互作用的活性位点之间的相互作用,作为在多孔介质中引入相关性的最简单方法,并研究了其中 BTW 模型的统计特性。这些相关性由人工“温度”T 和伊辛耦合的符号控制。基于我们的数值结果,我们提出在伊辛临界温度 T_{c}下,该模型与二维(2D)自回避行走(SAW)的普遍性类兼容。特别是,定义为雪崩外部边界的环的分形维数非常接近 D_{f}^{SAW}=4/3。此外,与 2D SAW 一致,对应的开放曲线具有与均方根距离 R_{rms}∼t^{3/4}(t 是曲线的参数化)的共形不变性。在有限尺寸的研究中,我们观察到在 T=T_{c}时,该模型具有一些与 2D BTW 模型兼容的方面(例如,分布函数的指数与 1/log(L)的依赖性)和一些与伊辛模型兼容的方面(例如,分形维数与 1/L 的依赖性)。有限尺寸标度理论得到了检验,并在 T=T_{c}时对所有统计观测值都得到了满足。在接近 T_{c}的非临界温度下,指数表现出与 T-T_{c}的某些额外的幂律行为,其中一些指数在正文中有报道。在临界温度下的跨越簇概率也与 L^{1/2}标度,这与常规的 2D BTW 模型不同。