Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
Periodontology and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2018 Jan 18;16(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12955-018-0847-5.
Several hypotheses on factors that influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) have been proposed but a consensus has not been reached. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyse the sociodemographic and clinical factors that may influence the OHRQoL of 15-year-old children.
A representative sample was selected from Hong Kong. Periodontal status and caries were examined according to WHO criteria. Four orthodontic indices were used to assess malocclusion. Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ 37 items) including four domains, namely oral symptoms (OS), functional limitations (FL), emotional well-being (EWB), and social well-being (SWB), was used to measure OHRQoL. Adjusted OR was calculated by ordinal logistic regression.
A total of 364 eligible subjects (186 girls, 178 boys) were recruited. The prevalence of caries was higher in girls than in boys (P = 0.013). Compared with girls, boys tended to have a better experience in the domains of EWB, SWB and the total CPQ (adjusted OR = 0.46, 0.59 and 0.61, respectively). Unhealthy periodontal conditions were more prevalent than caries (92.6% vs. 52.7%); moreover, periodontal conditions with CPI scores of 2 had a negative effect on the domain of SWB and the total CPQ (adjusted OR = 1.76 and 1.71, respectively). Only the most severe malocclusion showed an effect on the domain of FL and the total CPQ (adjusted OR = 1.55 and 2.10, respectively). Little effect of family ecosocial factors and caries was found on CPQ scores.
In this study, gender, periodontal status, and malocclusion showed an effect on OHRQoL after adjusting for potential confounders. Boys had less caries and better OHRQoL than girls did. Unhealthy periodontal conditions led to worse social welfares and OHRQoL. The most severe level of malocclusion caused oral functional limitations, hence worse OHRQoL.
已有多种假说提出影响口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的因素，但尚未达成共识。本横断面研究旨在分析社会人口学和临床因素对 15 岁儿童 OHRQoL 的影响。
从香港抽取有代表性的样本。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）标准检查牙周状况和龋齿。使用四个错畸形指数评估错畸形。采用儿童感知问卷（CPQ37 项）评估 OHRQoL，包括口腔症状（OS）、功能受限（FL）、情绪健康（EWB）和社会福利（SWB）四个领域。采用有序逻辑回归计算调整后的 OR。
共纳入 364 名符合条件的受试者（186 名女孩，178 名男孩）。女孩的龋齿患病率高于男孩（P=0.013）。与女孩相比，男孩在 EWB、SWB 和 CPQ 总分方面的体验更好（调整后的 OR 分别为 0.46、0.59 和 0.61）。牙周状况不佳的比例高于龋齿（92.6% vs. 52.7%）；此外，CPI 评分 2 的牙周状况对 SWB 领域和 CPQ 总分有负面影响（调整后的 OR 分别为 1.76 和 1.71）。只有最严重的错畸形对 FL 领域和 CPQ 总分有影响（调整后的 OR 分别为 1.55 和 2.10）。家庭生态社会因素和龋齿对 CPQ 评分的影响较小。
本研究调整潜在混杂因素后，性别、牙周状况和错畸形对 OHRQoL 有影响。与女孩相比，男孩龋齿较少，OHRQoL 较好。牙周状况不佳导致社会福利和 OHRQoL 下降。最严重的错畸形导致口腔功能受限，进而导致 OHRQoL 下降。
