Marine Environmental Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Shenzhen 518000 Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science, HKUST, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Marine Environmental Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Shenzhen 518000 Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science, HKUST, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Jun 1;626:307-318. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.018. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
Metal contamination is one of the most ubiquitous and complex problems in the Chinese coastal environment. To explore the large-scale spatial patterns of bioavailable metals, we sampled three major mussels, including 784 blue mussels (Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758) of 14 sites, 224 hard-shelled mussels (Mytilus unguiculatus Valenciennes, 1858) of 4 sites, and 392 green mussels (Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758)) of 7 sites, ranging from temperate to tropical coastlines of China, during August and September 2015. The concentrations of macroelements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, and P) and toxic trace metals (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Ti, and Zn) in the mussel's whole soft tissues were determined. Among the four Chinese coastal basins, Cd, Ti and Cr in the mussel tissues were the highest at Bohai Sea (BS) and Yellow Sea (YS), and Cu, Ni, Pb and Ag in the mussel tissues were the highest at East China Sea (ECS) and South China Sea (SCS). Zinc concentrations in mussels from YS were significantly higher than those from the other regions. Given the variability of environmental conditions such as salinity and nutrients, we further normalized the measured tissue metal concentrations with tissue Na and P levels. After Na normalization as the salinity proxy, the variability of Cd, Cu, Zn, Ag, and Ni was reduced. Trace elements accumulation in the mussel tissues was significantly related to both macroelements (Na or P) and body dry weight. The present study demonstrated that nonlinear optimization of different elements was necessary in assessing metal bioaccumulation patterns in marine mussels at a large spatial scale.
金属污染是中国沿海环境中最普遍和复杂的问题之一。为了探索生物可利用金属的大规模空间格局，我们于 2015 年 8 月至 9 月在从温带到热带的中国沿海 14 个地点采集了 784 只贻贝（Mytilus edulis Linnaeus，1758）、4 个地点的 224 只厚壳贻贝（Mytilus unguiculatus Valenciennes，1858）和 7 个地点的 392 只青口贝（Perna viridis（Linnaeus，1758）），检测了这些贻贝软组织中常量元素（Na、K、Ca、Mg 和 P）和有毒痕量金属（Ag、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Ti 和 Zn）的浓度。在中国四大沿海流域中，贻贝组织中的 Cd、Ti 和 Cr 在渤海（BS）和黄海（YS）最高，Cu、Ni、Pb 和 Ag 在东海（ECS）和南海（SCS）最高。YS 贻贝中的 Zn 浓度明显高于其他地区。考虑到盐度和营养等环境条件的变化，我们进一步用组织 Na 和 P 水平对测量的组织金属浓度进行了归一化。用 Na 作为盐度的替代物归一化后，Cd、Cu、Zn、Ag 和 Ni 的变异性降低。贻贝组织中痕量元素的积累与常量元素（Na 或 P）和体干重显著相关。本研究表明，在评估海洋贻贝中金属生物积累模式时，需要对不同元素进行非线性优化。
