Bernabel Rodolpho Talaisys, Oliveira Amâncio
1Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing.
2Universidade de São Paulo.
Politics Life Sci. 2017 Fall;36(2):49-59. doi: 10.1017/pls.2017.17.
Intuitive thinking would argue that political or ideological orientation does not correlate with nonpolitical decisions, and certainly not with nonideological cognitive tasks. However, that is what happens in some cases. Previous neuropolitics studies have found that liberals are more adept at dealing with novel information than conservatives. This finding suggests that conservatives and liberals possess different cognitive skills. For the purposes of this article, two studies were executed to test whether this difference remained in alternative environmental settings. To this end, two novel cognitive tasks were designed in which one type of ideology or another was privileged according to the cognitive environment created by the tasks. Experimental findings indicate that liberals committed fewer errors than conservatives in one kind of cognitive environment, while conservatives scored higher in another.
直观的思考可能会认为，政治或意识形态倾向与非政治决策无关，当然也与非意识形态的认知任务无关。然而，在某些情况下确实会出现这种情况。先前的神经政治学研究发现，自由主义者比保守主义者更善于处理新信息。这一发现表明，保守主义者和自由主义者拥有不同的认知技能。为了本文的目的，进行了两项研究来测试这种差异在不同的环境背景下是否依然存在。为此，设计了两项新颖的认知任务，根据任务所营造的认知环境，其中一种意识形态或另一种意识形态具有优势。实验结果表明，在一种认知环境中，自由主义者比保守主义者犯的错误更少，而在另一种环境中，保守主义者得分更高。
