Sorting nexin 10 acts as a tumor suppressor in tumorigenesis and progression of colorectal cancer through regulating chaperone mediated autophagy degradation of p21.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) characterized by the selective degradation of target proteins has been linked with tumorigenesis in recent years. Here, we explored the function of sorting nexin 10 (SNX10), a protein involved in maintaining endosome/lysosome homeostasis, in mediating CMA activity and its impact on the progression of mouse inflammation-driven colorectal cancer. Our results revealed that SNX10 deficiency increased the activation of CMA by preventing the degradation of lysosomal LAMP-2A. In SNX10 KO cells, we disclosed that p21, a master effector in various tumor suppressor pathways, is a substrate of CMA, and decrease of p21 caused by SNX10-mediated CMA activation contributes to HCT116 cell proliferation and survival. Moreover, we found that SNX10 KO promoted tumorigenesis in the mouse colorectum which could be restored by SNX10 over-expression. Furthermore, SNX10 was remarkably down-regulated in human CRC tissues which showed the increased activity of CMA and decreased expression of p21. These findings suggest that SNX10 acts as a tumor suppressor in the mouse colorectum and drives inflammation-associated colorectal cancer by a chaperone-mediated autophagy mechanism.