Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592, Université Paris Diderot, Equipe Labellisée Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer, Paris, France.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1042:273-286. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-6955-0_13.
DNA replication ensures the accurate duplication of the genome at each cell cycle. During S phase, tens of thousands of replication origins throughout the vertebrate genome are activated according to a spatiotemporal program. The genome-wide mapping of origins in several model systems has identified G-quadruplexes-higher-order DNA structures formed from G-rich sequences-as potential key regulators of origin activity. Here, I describe genetic experiments demonstrating the role of G-quadruplexes in origin function. I discuss the different means by which G-quadruplexes might regulate origin function. Finally, comparisons of replicon organization in the three domains of life suggest that G-quadruplexes may have retained a conserved role in origin function during evolution.
DNA 复制确保了基因组在每个细胞周期中的准确复制。在 S 期，脊椎动物基因组中的数万个复制起点根据时空程序被激活。在几个模型系统中对起点的全基因组作图已经确定了 G-四联体——由富含 G 的序列形成的高级 DNA 结构——是起点活性的潜在关键调节剂。在这里，我描述了遗传实验，证明了 G-四联体在起点功能中的作用。我讨论了 G-四联体可能调节起点功能的不同方式。最后，对生命三个领域的复制子组织的比较表明，在进化过程中，G-四联体可能在起点功能中保留了保守作用。
