Ralhan Pushp K, Singh Surendra P
Ecology. 1987 Dec;68(6):1974-1983. doi: 10.2307/1939888.
Leaf dynamics, nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, and Na) changes, and retranslocation from the leaves of 13 species were investigated in four representative forest communities of the Central Himalaya, India. In evergreens of the temperate regions, with leaf longevities of several years, there is negligible movement of substances from leaves during the first year. For evergreens of the Central Himalaya, by contrast, loss of leaf mass beings in autumn and often continues until summer, when new leaves are formed. The decrease in leaf dry mass during this period was 12.3-34.1% of the maximum leaf mass. The concentration of N, P, and K decreased from the initial peak, stabilized as leaves matured, and declined markedly during senescence, while Ca and Na concentrations increased throughout the life-span of leaves. Leaf mass loss was positively related to most of the nutrient retranslocation percentages. There were significant correlations between retranslocation levels of many nutrients. The dominant canopy species (chir pine), which is adapted to infertile sites, showed conspicuously greater levels of nutrient retranslocation than species adapted to fertile sites (oaks). However, species of different growth forms occupying the same sites differed markedly in the extent of nutrient retranslocation.
在印度喜马拉雅山脉中部的四个具有代表性的森林群落中，对13个物种的叶片动态、养分（氮、磷、钾、钙和钠）变化以及叶片中的养分再转运进行了研究。在温带地区的常绿植物中，叶片寿命长达数年，第一年叶片中物质的移动可以忽略不计。相比之下，喜马拉雅山脉中部的常绿植物，叶片质量在秋季开始损失，并且常常持续到夏季新叶形成之时。在此期间，叶片干质量的减少量为最大叶片质量的12.3% - 34.1%。氮、磷和钾的浓度从最初的峰值下降，随着叶片成熟而稳定，在衰老期间显著下降，而钙和钠的浓度在叶片的整个生命周期中都有所增加。叶片质量损失与大多数养分再转运百分比呈正相关。许多养分的再转运水平之间存在显著相关性。适应贫瘠土壤的优势冠层物种（喜马拉雅松）比适应肥沃土壤的物种（橡树）表现出明显更高的养分再转运水平。然而，占据相同生境的不同生长形式的物种在养分再转运程度上存在显著差异。
