Milligan W L, Powell D A, Harley C, Furchtgott E
Exp Aging Res. 1985 Summer;11(2):75-80. doi: 10.1080/03610738508259283.
Attitudes toward aging were assessed in three groups of elderly men (age 65-85), including: hospitalized veterans, veteran outpatients, and a group of non-hospitalized "healthy" veteran volunteers, using the Rosencranz and McNevin Semantic Differential Scale. Social objects rated included an "old man", a "young man", and the participant, himself, ("self"). Attitudes toward "old men" were significantly more negative than attitudes toward "young men" in all three groups. In addition, significant group by "object-rated" interactions were obtained on the autonomous/dependent and instrumental/ineffective dimensions of this scale. These interactions were attributable to a more negative "self" rating by the hospitalized group. These results suggest that within the population studied, older persons in poor health tend to view themselves more like the stereotyped "old person" than do healthy old people, who tend to perceive themselves as being more like a "young person".
使用罗森克兰茨和麦克内文语义差异量表，对三组老年男性（年龄在65 - 85岁之间）的衰老态度进行了评估，这三组包括：住院退伍军人、退伍军人门诊患者以及一组未住院的“健康”退伍军人志愿者。所评定的社会对象包括一名“老年男性”、一名“青年男性”以及参与者本人（“自我”）。在所有三组中，对“老年男性”的态度明显比对“青年男性”的态度更为消极。此外，在该量表的自主/依赖和工具性/无效维度上，获得了显著的“评定对象”与组别的交互作用。这些交互作用归因于住院组对“自我”的评定更为消极。这些结果表明，在所研究的人群中，健康状况较差的老年人往往比健康的老年人更倾向于将自己看作是刻板印象中的“老年人”，而健康的老年人则倾向于认为自己更像“年轻人”。
