Baldwin Tanya A, Dessauer Carmen W
Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2018 Jan 16;5(1):2. doi: 10.3390/jcdd5010002.
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), synthesized by adenylyl cyclase (AC), is a universal second messenger that regulates various aspects of cardiac physiology from contraction rate to the initiation of cardioprotective stress response pathways. Local pools of cAMP are maintained by macromolecular complexes formed by A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). AKAPs facilitate control by bringing together regulators of the cAMP pathway including G-protein-coupled receptors, ACs, and downstream effectors of cAMP to finely tune signaling. This review will summarize the distinct roles of AC isoforms in cardiac function and how interactions with AKAPs facilitate AC function, highlighting newly appreciated roles for lesser abundant AC isoforms.
环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）由腺苷酸环化酶（AC）合成，是一种通用的第二信使，可调节心脏生理学的各个方面，从收缩率到心脏保护应激反应途径的启动。cAMP的局部池由A激酶锚定蛋白（AKAP）形成的大分子复合物维持。AKAP通过将cAMP途径的调节因子（包括G蛋白偶联受体、AC和cAMP的下游效应器）聚集在一起，促进对信号的精细调节。本综述将总结AC同工型在心脏功能中的不同作用，以及与AKAP的相互作用如何促进AC功能，重点介绍较少见的AC同工型的新发现作用。
