对外观 - 行为一致性的神经反应。
NEURAL RESPONSES TO APPEARANCE-BEHAVIOR CONGRUITY.
作者信息
Cassidy Brittany S, Gutchess Angela H
机构信息
Brandeis University and Indiana University.
Brandeis University.
出版信息
Soc Cogn. 2015;33(3):211-226. doi: 10.1521/soco.2015.33.3.1.
Research evidences stronger reactions toward those whose behaviors seem consistent with appearance. To better understand the processes underlying appearance-behavior congruity effects, we assessed regions responding as a function of the congruity between visual (appearance) and abstract (behavior) cues. Using fMRI, trustworthy- and untrustworthy-looking faces were paired with positive, negative, or neutral behaviors. Approach judgments were stronger for congruent over incongruent targets, replicating prior work. Incongruent targets (e.g., untrustworthy face/positive behavior) elicited medial prefrontal (mPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal (dlPFC) cortex activity more than congruent (e.g., untrustworthy face/negative behavior), suggesting processing incongruent targets requires additional mentalizing and controlled processing. Individual differences in enjoying interpersonal interactions negatively correlated with mPFC activity toward incongruent over congruent targets, suggesting more effortful processing of incongruent targets for individuals with lower levels of social motivation. These findings indicate mPFC contributions to processing incongruent appearance-behavior cues, but suggest that individual differences may temper the extent of this effect.
研究证据表明，人们对那些行为与外表似乎一致的人反应更强烈。为了更好地理解外表-行为一致性效应背后的过程，我们评估了根据视觉（外表）和抽象（行为）线索之间的一致性而做出反应的脑区。使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI），将看起来值得信赖和不值得信赖的面孔与积极、消极或中性行为进行配对。对于一致的目标，接近判断比对不一致的目标更强，这重复了先前的研究结果。不一致的目标（例如，不值得信赖的面孔/积极行为）比一致的目标（例如，不值得信赖的面孔/消极行为）引发更多的内侧前额叶（mPFC）和背外侧前额叶（dlPFC）皮质活动，这表明处理不一致的目标需要额外的心理化和控制性加工。享受人际互动方面的个体差异与mPFC对不一致目标比对一致目标的活动呈负相关，这表明对于社会动机水平较低的个体，处理不一致目标需要付出更多努力。这些发现表明mPFC在处理不一致的外表-行为线索方面发挥作用，但也表明个体差异可能会调节这种效应的程度。
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