The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Drug Discov Today. 2018 Apr;23(4):900-911. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.042. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can selectively target and downregulate disease-causing genes, holding great promise in treating human diseases, especially malignant cancers. However, how to efficiently deliver siRNAs into target cell cytosol is a problem that has hindered their clinical application. Here, we review the recent strategies for siRNA delivery on the basis of smart nanocarriers by using stimuli-responsive materials. We highlight the rationales of how to design smart nanocarriers responsive to physiological and external stimuli to improve the delivery efficiency, targeting precision and gene silencing efficacy. Finally, we provide an outlook on the fundamental limitation for clinical translation of siRNA-based nanomedicine that should be overcome by the combination of chemistry, biology, material and medical science.
小干扰 RNA（siRNAs）可以选择性地靶向和下调致病基因，在治疗人类疾病，特别是恶性癌症方面具有巨大的应用前景。然而，如何将 siRNAs 高效递送至靶细胞胞质溶胶是一个阻碍其临床应用的问题。在这里，我们基于智能纳米载体，综述了使用刺激响应性材料进行 siRNA 递送的最新策略。我们重点介绍了如何设计对生理和外部刺激有响应的智能纳米载体，以提高递送效率、靶向精度和基因沉默效果。最后，我们对基于 siRNA 的纳米医学向临床转化的基本限制进行了展望，认为这需要化学、生物学、材料学和医学的结合来克服。
