O'Neill I E, Bannister D W
Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1986;83(3):595-8. doi: 10.1016/0305-0491(86)90301-9.
Isolated kidney tubules synthesize glucose actively from fructose, lactate, glycerol and pyruvate and, to a lesser extent, from a variety of amino acids. Ethanol stimulated gluconeogenesis from pyruvate and inhibited it from lactate. The aminotransferase inhibitor, aminooxyacetate, greatly reduced synthesis from lactate but not from pyruvate. Quinolinate inhibited gluconeogenesis from both precursors, indicating an active role for cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in the gluconeogenic pathway. Incorporation of lactate or glucose into triglycerides was relatively low, and since no fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity could be detected, probably represented chain elongation or reesterification.
分离的肾小管能从果糖、乳酸、甘油和丙酮酸中，在较小程度上还能从多种氨基酸中积极合成葡萄糖。乙醇刺激了丙酮酸的糖异生作用，并抑制了乳酸的糖异生作用。氨基转移酶抑制剂氨基氧乙酸极大地降低了乳酸的合成，但对丙酮酸的合成没有影响。喹啉酸抑制了这两种前体物质的糖异生作用，表明胞质磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶（PEPCK）在糖异生途径中发挥着积极作用。乳酸或葡萄糖掺入甘油三酯的比例相对较低，而且由于未检测到脂肪酸合酶（FAS）活性，这可能代表着链延长或再酯化作用。
