Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2018 May;97(5):545-551. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13312. Epub 2018 Feb 23.
Extremely premature babies, particularly those who have neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia, are at risk of brain damage and neurodevelopmental impairment. This study aimed to examine functional status of the brainstem auditory pathway in extremely premature babies and assess the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on function.
Brainstem auditory evoked response was studied at term in babies born at ≤27 weeks of gestation with or without neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The normal controls were term babies without perinatal problems.
Compared with the normal controls, the extremely premature babies showed an elevated response threshold, increased latencies of waves I, III and particularly V. They also showed significantly increased I-V and III-V intervals. The amplitudes of waves I and V were moderately reduced. These abnormalities were clearly more significant in those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia than those without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. A direct comparison between the two groups of extremely premature babies revealed that wave V latency, and I-V and particularly III-V intervals were significantly longer in the babies with bronchopulmonary dysplasia than those without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Extremely premature babies have functional impairment of the brainstem auditory pathway. The impairment is clearly more significant in those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia than those without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia and associated unfavorable conditions are major contributors to brainstem auditory impairment in extremely premature babies.
极早产儿，尤其是患有新生儿支气管肺发育不良的早产儿，存在脑损伤和神经发育障碍的风险。本研究旨在检查极早产儿的脑干听觉通路的功能状态，并评估支气管肺发育不良对功能的影响。
在胎龄≤27 周出生的婴儿中，研究了伴有或不伴有新生儿支气管肺发育不良的婴儿在足月时的脑干听觉诱发电位。正常对照组为无围产期问题的足月婴儿。
与正常对照组相比，极早产儿的反应阈值升高，波 I、III 特别是 V 的潜伏期延长。它们还显示出明显增加的 I-V 和 III-V 间隔。波 I 和 V 的振幅适度降低。这些异常在有支气管肺发育不良的婴儿中比没有支气管肺发育不良的婴儿更为明显。两组极早产儿之间的直接比较显示，有支气管肺发育不良的婴儿的波 V 潜伏期以及 I-V 和特别是 III-V 间隔明显长于没有支气管肺发育不良的婴儿。
极早产儿的脑干听觉通路存在功能障碍。在有支气管肺发育不良的婴儿中，这种损害比没有支气管肺发育不良的婴儿更为明显。新生儿支气管肺发育不良和相关的不利条件是极早产儿脑干听觉损害的主要原因。
