School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
OrthoSport Victoria, Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Australia.
Am J Sports Med. 2018 Apr;46(5):1137-1142. doi: 10.1177/0363546517751141. Epub 2018 Jan 30.
BACKGROUND: There are limited data evaluating the outcomes of revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery in younger patients despite recent reports that the rates of graft rupture are higher in young cohorts. PURPOSE: To explore the outcomes of revision ACL reconstruction surgery in younger patients with the specific aims of determining the rates of third ACL injury and whether knee pathology at the time of revision surgery and return to sport were associated with further injury. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 151 consecutive patients who were aged 25 years or younger at the time of their first revision ACL reconstruction. The number of subsequent ACL injuries (graft rerupture or contralateral injury to the native ACL) was determined at a mean follow-up time of 4.5 years (range, 2-9 years). Surgical details were recorded, along with a range of sport participation outcomes. Contingency tables were used to assess the associations between subsequent ACL injury and return to sport, knee pathology, and the drilling of new femoral or tibial tunnels at revision surgery. RESULTS: The follow-up rate was 85% (128/151). Graft reruptures occurred in 20 patients (16%) at a mean time of 2 years after revision surgery. Contralateral ACL injuries occurred in 15 patients (12%) at a mean time of 3.9 years. The total number of patients who had a third ACL injury was 35 (27%). There was a significant association between having medial meniscal pathology and sustaining a graft rerupture ( P = .03), but there was no association between graft rerupture and using the same tunnels from the primary procedure at revision surgery. After revision reconstruction, 68% of patients (95% CI, 55%-71%) returned to their preinjury level of sport, compared with 83% (95% CI, 69%-84%) after primary reconstruction in the same patients. Those who had a third ACL injury had a significantly higher rate of return to preinjury sport (83%) after the revision procedure than did the group that did not have further ACL injuries (62%, P = .02). CONCLUSION: Younger patients are at significant risk of having multiple ACL injuries. The high rate of third ACL injuries presents a significant issue for future knee health in these young athletes. Medial meniscal pathology and returning to high-risk sport are factors that are significantly associated with the high multiple ACL injury rate in the young.
背景:尽管最近有报道称年轻患者的移植物破裂率更高,但评估年轻患者接受前交叉韧带(ACL)翻修重建手术的结果的数据有限。
目的:探讨年轻患者接受 ACL 翻修重建手术的结果,具体目的是确定第三次 ACL 损伤的发生率,以及翻修手术时膝关节病变和重返运动与进一步损伤的关系。
研究设计:病例对照研究;证据水平,3 级。
方法:研究组包括 151 例首次接受 ACL 翻修重建的患者,他们在首次手术时年龄均为 25 岁或以下。在平均 4.5 年(2-9 年)的随访中,确定了随后的 ACL 损伤(移植物再断裂或对侧 ACL 损伤)的数量。记录了手术细节以及一系列运动参与结果。使用列联表评估随后 ACL 损伤与重返运动、膝关节病变以及翻修手术时新股骨或胫骨隧道钻孔之间的关系。
结果:随访率为 85%(128/151)。20 例患者(16%)在翻修手术后 2 年时发生移植物再断裂,15 例患者(12%)在 3.9 年后发生对侧 ACL 损伤。共有 35 例(27%)患者发生了第三次 ACL 损伤。内侧半月板病变与移植物再断裂有显著相关性(P=0.03),但翻修手术时使用初次手术相同的隧道与移植物再断裂无相关性。在翻修重建后,68%的患者(95%CI,55%-71%)重返术前运动水平,而同一患者中初次重建后的比例为 83%(95%CI,69%-84%)。在接受翻修手术的患者中,发生第三次 ACL 损伤的患者再次发生 ACL 损伤的比例(83%)显著高于未发生进一步 ACL 损伤的患者(62%,P=0.02)。
结论:年轻患者发生多次 ACL 损伤的风险显著增加。高比例的第三次 ACL 损伤对这些年轻运动员的未来膝关节健康构成了重大问题。内侧半月板病变和重返高风险运动是年轻患者 ACL 多发损伤率高的显著相关因素。
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