双任务限制对下肢指向任务中姿势与动作之间相互作用的影响。

Influence of dual-task constraints on the interaction between posture and movement during a lower limb pointing task.

作者信息

Silva Marcelo Guimarães, Struber Lucas, Brandão José Geraldo T, Daniel Olivier, Nougier Vincent

机构信息

CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, DF, 70040-020, Brazil.

Laboratorio de Biomecânica, Departamento Mecânica, Campus Guaratinguetá, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Av. Dr. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, Guaratinguetá, SP, CEP 12516-410, Brazil.

出版信息

Exp Brain Res. 2018 Apr;236(4):963-972. doi: 10.1007/s00221-018-5189-3. Epub 2018 Jan 30.

Abstract

One of the challenges regarding human motor control is making the movement fluid and at a limited cognitive cost. The coordination between posture and movement is a necessary requirement to perform daily life tasks. The present experiment investigated this interaction in 20 adult men, aged 18-30 years. The cognitive costs associated to postural and movement control when kicking towards a target was estimated using a dual-task paradigm (secondary auditory task). Results showed that addition of the attentional demanding cognitive task yielded a decreased kicking accuracy and an increased timing to perform the movement, mainly during the backswing motion. In addition, significant differences between conditions were found for COP and COM displacement (increased amplitude, mean speed) on the anteroposterior axis. However, no significant differences between conditions were found on the mediolateral axis. Finally, EMG analysis showed that dual-task condition modified the way anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) were generated. More specifically, we observed an increase of the peroneus longus activity, whereas the temporal EMG showed a decrease of its latency with respect to movement onset. These results suggested a functional adaptation resulting in an invariance of overall APAs, emphasizing that cognitive, postural, and motor processes worked dependently.

摘要

人类运动控制面临的挑战之一是使动作流畅且认知成本有限。姿势与动作之间的协调是执行日常生活任务的必要条件。本实验对20名年龄在18至30岁之间的成年男性的这种相互作用进行了研究。使用双任务范式(次要听觉任务)估算了向目标踢腿时与姿势和动作控制相关的认知成本。结果表明,增加需要注意力的认知任务会导致踢腿准确性下降,且主要在回摆动作期间执行动作的时间增加。此外,在前后轴上,各条件之间在COP和COM位移(幅度增加、平均速度)方面存在显著差异。然而,在内外侧轴上各条件之间未发现显著差异。最后,肌电图分析表明,双任务条件改变了预期姿势调整(APA)的产生方式。更具体地说,我们观察到腓骨长肌活动增加,而肌电图时间显示其相对于动作开始的潜伏期缩短。这些结果表明了一种功能适应性,导致总体APA不变,强调认知、姿势和运动过程相互依存。

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