Vacacela Ajila Henry E, Ferreira João A M, Colares Felipe, Oliveira Cleber M, Bernardo Ana Maria G, Venzon Madelaine, Pallini Angelo
Department of Entomology, Section Acarology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Agriculture and Livestock Research Enterprise of Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), Vila Gianetti 46, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2018 Jan;74(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s10493-018-0211-9. Epub 2018 Jan 30.
Ricoseius loxocheles (De Leon) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is often found in coffee crops and is known to feed on coffee leaf rust, Hemileia vastatrix Berkeley and Broome (Uredinales). As the occurrence of coffee leaf rust is limited primarily to the rainy season, the mite may use other food sources to survive during the periods of low pathogen prevalence. It is well known that phytoseiid mites can survive on a variety of food sources, such as herbivorous mites, fungi and pollen. We evaluated the ability of R. loxocheles to survive and reproduce on a diet of Brevipalpus phoenicis Geijskes (Acari: Tenuipalpidae), cattail pollen (Typha spp.), clover rust (Puccinia oxalidis), bee pollen (Santa Bárbara dehydrated pollen, Santa Bárbara, MG, Brazil) and coffee leaf rust. Ricoseius loxocheles did not survive or reproduce on any B. phoenicis stages tested (egg, larva, adult). The survival and oviposition of R. loxocheles were directly affected by the presence of coffee rust urediniospores, but not by the presence of the prey. Survival and oviposition of the phytoseiid were similar when fed cattail pollen, clover rust and coffee leaf rust but was lower when fed bee pollen. Our results show that R. loxocheles is not a predator of B. phoenicis but it is able to utilize other resources besides coffee leaf rust.
罗氏钝绥螨（Ricoseius loxocheles）（德莱昂）（蜱螨亚纲：植绥螨科）常见于咖啡种植园中，已知以咖啡叶锈病菌（Hemileia vastatrix Berkeley and Broome）（锈菌目）为食。由于咖啡叶锈病的发生主要局限于雨季，该螨可能会在病原菌流行率较低的时期利用其他食物来源生存。众所周知，植绥螨可以依靠多种食物来源生存，如植食性螨类、真菌和花粉。我们评估了罗氏钝绥螨在以下食物上生存和繁殖的能力：咖啡短须螨（Brevipalpus phoenicis Geijskes）（蜱螨亚纲：细须螨科）、香蒲花粉（香蒲属）、酢浆草锈菌（Puccinia oxalidis）、蜂花粉（巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州圣巴巴拉市的脱水花粉）以及咖啡叶锈病菌。罗氏钝绥螨在任何测试的咖啡短须螨阶段（卵、幼虫、成虫）上都无法生存或繁殖。罗氏钝绥螨的生存和产卵直接受到咖啡锈病菌夏孢子的影响，但不受猎物的影响。当喂食香蒲花粉、酢浆草锈菌和咖啡叶锈病菌时，植绥螨的生存和产卵情况相似，但喂食蜂花粉时则较低。我们的结果表明，罗氏钝绥螨不是咖啡短须螨的捕食者，但它能够利用除咖啡叶锈病菌之外的其他资源。
