Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Sungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Sungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
Obes Res Clin Pract. 2018 Mar-Apr;12(2):222-228. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2018.01.001. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
Breastfeeding is generally known to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity. However, the results are controversial between countries, and nationwide data are rare. This study assessed the relationship between breastfeeding types and overweight incidence using nationwide longitudinal data in Korea.
We analysed 774,764 infants who participated in the longitudinal nationwide data from the Korea National Children's Health Examination 2007-2013. Childhood overweight was defined by a Z-score≥1.64 (95th centile) for infants under 24 months and Z-scores≥1.04 (85th centile) for children over 24 months. Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyse the relationship between breastfeeding types and overweight incidence.
Infants who were exclusively breastfed at 4-6 months of age had the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HRs) for overweight of 0.78 (95% CI 0.77-0.79) and infants who were partially breastfed had the HRs for overweight of 0.96 (95% CI 0.94-0.98), which was lower compared to that of the exclusively formula fed group. Similar results were obtained for stratified analysis by boys and girls.
Exclusive and partial breastfeeding have preventive effect on childhood overweight in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage breastfeeding to prevent childhood obesity and its consequences in developed Asian countries.
母乳喂养通常被认为可以降低儿童超重和肥胖的风险。然而，各国的研究结果存在争议，且很少有全国性的数据。本研究使用韩国全国性纵向数据评估了母乳喂养类型与超重发生率之间的关系。
我们分析了 2007-2013 年参加韩国全国儿童健康检查纵向全国性数据的 774764 名婴儿。24 个月以下婴儿超重定义为 Z 评分≥1.64（第 95 百分位数），24 个月以上儿童超重定义为 Z 评分≥1.04（第 85 百分位数）。使用 Cox 比例风险模型分析母乳喂养类型与超重发生率之间的关系。
4-6 个月龄时纯母乳喂养的婴儿超重的多变量调整风险比（HRs）为 0.78（95%CI 0.77-0.79），部分母乳喂养的婴儿超重的 HRs 为 0.96（95%CI 0.94-0.98），与完全配方奶喂养组相比，这一比例较低。对男孩和女孩的分层分析也得到了类似的结果。
在韩国，纯母乳喂养和部分母乳喂养对儿童超重有预防作用。因此，有必要鼓励母乳喂养，以预防亚洲发达国家儿童肥胖及其后果。
