Nascimento Maristela S, Carminati Joyce A, Morishita Karen N, Amorim Neto Dionísio P, Pinheiro Hildete P, Maia Rafael P
Department of Food Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
Department of Statistics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2018 Feb 5;13(2):e0192457. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192457. eCollection 2018.
Due to recent large outbreaks, peanuts have been considered a product of potential risk for Salmonella. Usually, peanut products show a low water activity (aw) and high fat content, which contribute to increasing the thermal resistance and survival of Salmonella. This study evaluated the long-term kinetics of Salmonella survival on different peanut products under storage at 28°C for 420 days. Samples of raw in-shell peanuts (aw = 0.29), roasted peanuts (aw = 0.39), unblanched peanut kernel (aw = 0.54), peanut brittle (aw = 0.30), paçoca (aw = 0.40) and pé-de-moça (aw = 0.68) were inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 at two inoculum levels (3 and 6 log cfu/ g). The Salmonella behavior was influenced (p<0.05) by aw, lipid, carbohydrate and protein content. In most cases for both inoculum levels, the greatest reductions were seen after the first two weeks of storage, followed by a slower decline phase. The lowest reductions were verified in paçoca and roasted peanuts, with counts of 1.01 and 0.87 log cfu/ g at low inoculum level and 2.53 and 3.82 log cfu/ g at high inoculum level at the end of the storage time. The highest loss of viability was observed in pé-de-moça, with absence of Salmonella in 10-g after 180 days at low inoculum level. The Weibull model provided a suitable fit to the data (R2≥0.81), with δ value ranging from 0.06 to 49.75 days. Therefore, the results demonstrated that Salmonella survives longer in peanut products, beyond the shelf life (>420 days), especially in products with aw around 0.40.
由于近期大规模疫情爆发,花生被视为沙门氏菌的潜在风险产品。通常,花生制品的水分活度(aw)较低且脂肪含量较高,这有助于提高沙门氏菌的耐热性和存活率。本研究评估了在28°C储存420天期间,不同花生制品上沙门氏菌存活的长期动力学。将鼠伤寒沙门氏菌ATCC 14028以两种接种水平(3和6 log cfu/g)接种到带壳生花生(aw = 0.29)、烤花生(aw = 0.39)、未去皮花生仁(aw = 0.54)、花生脆片(aw = 0.30)、巴西花生糖(aw = 0.40)和巴西甜点(aw = 0.68)的样品中。沙门氏菌的行为受水分活度、脂质、碳水化合物和蛋白质含量的影响(p<0.05)。在两种接种水平的大多数情况下,储存的前两周后沙门氏菌数量减少最多,随后是下降较慢的阶段。在巴西花生糖和烤花生中,沙门氏菌数量减少最少,在储存期结束时,低接种水平下的计数分别为1.01和0.87 log cfu/g,高接种水平下分别为2.53和3.82 log cfu/g。在巴西甜点中观察到最高的活力丧失,低接种水平下180天后10克样品中无沙门氏菌。威布尔模型对数据拟合良好(R2≥0.81),δ值范围为0.06至49.75天。因此,结果表明沙门氏菌在花生制品中的存活时间超过保质期(>420天),尤其是在水分活度约为0.40的产品中。