Bigos S J, Spengler D M, Martin N A, Zeh J, Fisher L, Nachemson A, Wang M H
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1986 Apr;11(3):246-51. doi: 10.1097/00007632-198604000-00011.
To evaluate the impact of back injury on industry, the authors conducted an extensive retrospective analysis of injuries among hourly employees of The Boeing Company, the largest industrial manufacturer in western Washington. The Boeing Company provided injury information on 31,200 employees for a 15-month period from July 1, 1979 to September 30, 1980. From this information, we analyzed 4,645 injury claims filed as of February 28, 1981 by 3,958 different employees. There were 900 back injuries in this group. Claims were categorized according to total incurred cost (TIC), made up of the medical costs and indemnity costs. High-cost claims were defined as those with a TIC greater than $10,000, and low-cost claims were those with a TIC less than $10,000. Among 857 claimants with 900 back injuries, lifting or material handling was much more commonly considered the cause of injury than accidents such as slips or falls. Accidents, however, had a much greater tendency to result in an expensive claim. The authors could not make reliable conclusions regarding injuries and 32 job skill classifications. The rate of injury did not vary according to day of the week or month, but a significantly higher rate of high-cost back injuries was noted on the day shift than on the evening or night shifts.
为评估背部损伤对工业的影响，作者对华盛顿州西部最大的工业制造商波音公司小时工的损伤情况进行了广泛的回顾性分析。波音公司提供了1979年7月1日至1980年9月30日这15个月期间31200名员工的损伤信息。根据这些信息，我们分析了截至1981年2月28日由3958名不同员工提交的4645份损伤索赔。该组中有900例背部损伤。索赔根据总费用（TIC）进行分类，总费用由医疗费用和赔偿费用组成。高费用索赔定义为TIC大于10000美元的索赔，低费用索赔为TIC小于10000美元的索赔。在857名有900例背部损伤的索赔人中，提起或搬运材料比滑倒或跌倒等事故更常被认为是受伤原因。然而，事故导致高额索赔的倾向要大得多。作者无法就损伤与32种工作技能分类得出可靠结论。损伤发生率并不因星期几或月份而异，但日班的高费用背部损伤发生率明显高于晚班或夜班。
