Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B-2, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia.
J Plant Physiol. 2018 Mar;222:59-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.12.017. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
Biologically active oligosaccharides, including galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides (GGMOs), affect plant growth and development. The impact of GGMOs is dependent on their concentration, and the plant species and plant parts affected. The aim of this article is to ascertain the effects of GGMOs, GGMOs + Cd, on growth parameters, morphology, and the structure of maize (Zea mays L.) roots. We undertook this research because, in monocots, the effect of these oligosaccharides is so far unknown. In our study, GGMOs stimulated primary root elongation, induction and elongation of lateral roots, and biomass production. Their effect was dependent on the concentration used. Simultaneously, GGMOs moderated the negative effect of Cd on root elongation growth. Besides, GGMOs affected the primary root structure, proven in the earlier development of xylem and Casparian bands, but not of suberin lamellae (compared to the control). The presence of Cd shifted the apoplasmic barriers closer to the root apex in comparison to samples treated with GGMOs + Cd. GGMOs do not inhibit Cd uptake into the root directly, but they moderate its effect, and therefore their influence at the structural and metabolic level seems possible. Their positive impact on plant vitality, even in contaminated conditions, strongly indicates their potential application in remediation technologies.
具有生物活性的低聚糖，包括半乳葡甘露寡糖（GGMOs），会影响植物的生长和发育。GGMOs 的影响取决于其浓度，以及受影响的植物物种和植物部位。本文的目的是确定 GGMOs 和 GGMOs+Cd 对玉米（Zea mays L.）根系生长参数、形态和结构的影响。我们之所以进行这项研究，是因为到目前为止，这些寡糖在单子叶植物中的作用还不得而知。在我们的研究中，GGMOs 刺激了主根伸长、侧根的诱导和伸长以及生物量的产生。它们的作用取决于所使用的浓度。同时，GGMOs 减轻了 Cd 对根伸长生长的负面影响。此外，GGMOs 还影响了主根的结构，表现在木质部和凯氏带的早期发育，但不影响栓内层（与对照相比）。与用 GGMOs+Cd 处理的样本相比，Cd 的存在将质外体屏障更靠近根尖。GGMOs 不会直接抑制 Cd 进入根部，而是减轻其影响，因此它们在结构和代谢水平上的影响似乎是可能的。它们对植物活力的积极影响，即使在受污染的情况下，强烈表明它们在修复技术中有潜在的应用。
