Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, C/Fortuna Edificio B, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Addict Behav. 2018 May;80:124-129. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.01.022. Epub 2018 Feb 4.
Women have been underrepresented in the empirical research of gambling disorder (GD), a psychiatric condition included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (DSM-5). More specifically, no studies to date have been carried out exploring the clinical phenotype of women with GD who have committed gambling-related illegal acts.
In this study, we sought to delineate the clinical, personality and psychopathological differences between treatment-seeking women with GD, with and without a criminal record. Furthermore, we aimed to identify the variables that best predict the presence of illegal acts in this clinical group.
Data corresponded to n=273 treatment-seeking women who met criteria for GD. Two groups were compared: women with a history of criminal behavior (n=61, 22.34%) to those who did not (n=212, 77.66%) taking psychopathology, clinical and personality data into account.
Women who engaged in criminal acts were younger and endorsed higher psychopathology, GD severity, and novelty seeking levels than the other clinical group. Regarding the predictive model, women with higher levels of novelty seeking and lower levels of reward dependence were at higher risk of having a criminal record. DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND/OR POLICY: Our findings uphold that women with GD and a history of illegal acts are especially vulnerable in terms of comorbid psychopathology and dysfunctional personality traits. Therefore, this population could potentially benefit from public policies that target their mental health needs.
在赌博障碍（GD）的实证研究中，女性代表性不足，GD 是《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》（DSM-5）中包含的一种精神疾病。更具体地说，迄今为止，尚无研究探讨有过赌博相关违法行为的 GD 女性患者的临床表型。
在这项研究中，我们试图描绘有和没有犯罪记录的寻求治疗的 GD 女性患者在临床、人格和心理病理方面的差异。此外，我们旨在确定在该临床人群中预测违法行为存在的最佳变量。
数据来自符合 GD 标准的 273 名寻求治疗的女性。比较了两组：有犯罪行为史的女性（n=61，22.34%）和无犯罪行为史的女性（n=212，77.66%），考虑了心理病理学、临床和人格数据。
有犯罪行为的女性比另一组临床女性更年轻，并且表现出更高的心理病理学、GD 严重程度和寻求新奇的水平。关于预测模型，寻求新奇水平较高和奖励依赖水平较低的女性有更高的犯罪记录风险。
讨论、结论和对实践和/或政策的影响：我们的发现支持有 GD 和犯罪史的女性在共病心理病理学和功能失调的人格特征方面特别脆弱。因此，该人群可能受益于针对其心理健康需求的公共政策。
