Toderika Yuliana, Williams Shalonda
Consult Pharm. 2018 Feb 1;33(2):98-104. doi: 10.4140/TCP.n.2018.98.
With the rise of the opioid epidemic in the United States and increased mortality as a result of opioid overdoses, there have been many national and statewide initiatives to combat this health crisis. Many states have expanded accessibility to naloxone, an opioid-reversal agent. Naloxone is safe, cost-effective, and nonaddictive. In addition, simple administration allows naloxone to be used by patients, family members, caregivers, and bystanders in the event of an opioid overdose. While a great emphasis has been placed on the prescribing practices of health care providers as it pertains to opioid therapy for chronic pain, a new focus has been placed on coprescribing naloxone with opioids for high-risk patients. Naloxone standing orders have allowed health care providers, including pharmacists, to prescribe, dispense, and/ or administer the medication in an attempt to save lives. In addition, pharmacists play a role in counseling and educating patients, family members, caregivers, and bystanders on the safe administration of naloxone in the event of an emergency.
随着美国阿片类药物流行的加剧以及阿片类药物过量导致的死亡率上升，全国和各州都采取了许多举措来应对这一健康危机。许多州扩大了阿片类药物逆转剂纳洛酮的可及性。纳洛酮安全、具有成本效益且无成瘾性。此外，其给药方式简单，在阿片类药物过量的情况下，患者、家庭成员、护理人员和旁观者均可使用。虽然人们高度重视医疗保健提供者在慢性疼痛阿片类药物治疗方面的处方做法，但现在又有了一个新的关注点，即针对高风险患者同时开具阿片类药物和纳洛酮的处方。纳洛酮常备医嘱使包括药剂师在内的医疗保健提供者能够开具、调配和/或给药，以挽救生命。此外，药剂师在为患者、家庭成员、护理人员和旁观者提供关于在紧急情况下安全使用纳洛酮的咨询和教育方面发挥着作用。
