Laboratory of Cell Signaling Metabolic Modulation, Institute of Health Biotechnology, Federal University of Amazonas, Coari, Brazil.
Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil.
Pharmacol Res. 2018 Apr;130:152-163. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.020. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
The gut microbiota plays an important role in host metabolism and its dysregulation have been related to cardiometabolic disorders (CMD), such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension, as well as to chronic kidney diseases (CKD). The implication of the gut microbiota on systemic disorders has been associated with changes in its composition (dysbiosis) as a result of the oxidative unbalance in the body. This alteration may be the result of the adoption of unhealthy lifestyle behavior, including lack of physical activity and fat- or sugar-rich diets, which are largely associated with increased incidence of CMD and CKD. In last years, a number of clinical trials and experimental studies have demonstrated that probiotics can modulate the host metabolism, resulting in amelioration of systemic disease phenotypes by the improvement of dyslipidemia, glycemic profile and blood pressure or CKD parameters. The beneficial effects of probiotics consumption have been associated with their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and gut-modulating properties. Despite of some mechanistic evidence, these effects are not totally elucidated. The present review summarizes and clarifies the effects of probiotics administration on CMD and CKD using combined evidence from clinical and experimental studies. Considering that the microbiota dysregulation has been associated with inflammation and oxidative stress and consequently with CMD and CKD, supplementation with probiotics is discussed as a strategy for management of CMD and CKD.
肠道微生物群在宿主代谢中发挥着重要作用，其失调与心血管代谢紊乱（CMD）有关，如 2 型糖尿病（T2D）、血脂异常和动脉高血压，以及慢性肾脏病（CKD）。肠道微生物群对全身疾病的影响与由于体内氧化失衡导致的其组成变化（失调）有关。这种改变可能是由于不健康的生活方式行为的采用，包括缺乏身体活动和富含脂肪或糖的饮食，这与 CMD 和 CKD 的发病率增加密切相关。近年来，许多临床试验和实验研究表明，益生菌可以调节宿主代谢，通过改善血脂异常、血糖谱和血压或 CKD 参数来改善全身疾病表型。益生菌的有益作用与其抗炎、抗氧化和肠道调节特性有关。尽管有一些机制证据，但这些作用尚未完全阐明。本综述总结并阐明了益生菌对 CMD 和 CKD 的作用，综合了临床和实验研究的证据。考虑到微生物失调与炎症和氧化应激有关，进而与 CMD 和 CKD 有关，因此讨论了补充益生菌作为管理 CMD 和 CKD 的一种策略。
