Martei Yehoda M, Pace Lydia E, Brock Jane E, Shulman Lawrence N
Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Cancer Center, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA.
Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Clin Lab Med. 2018 Mar;38(1):161-173. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2017.10.013. Epub 2017 Dec 13.
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality among women in developing countries. Timely and accurate histopathological diagnosis of breast cancer is critical to delivering high-quality breast cancer care to patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The most important prognostic factors in breast cancer along with tumor size and nodal status are tumor grade, estrogen receptor status, as well as HER2 status in countries where specific targeted therapies are available. In addition, detailed and complete cancer registry data are needed to assess a country's disease burden and guide disease prioritization and allocation of resources for breast cancer treatment. Innovations in leapfrog technology and low-cost point-of-care tests for molecular evaluations are needed to provide accurate and timely pathology, with the ultimate goal of improving survival outcomes for patients with breast cancer in LMIC.
乳腺癌是发展中国家女性癌症死亡的主要原因。及时、准确地对乳腺癌进行组织病理学诊断对于为低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）的患者提供高质量的乳腺癌护理至关重要。在有特定靶向治疗的国家，除肿瘤大小和淋巴结状态外，乳腺癌最重要的预后因素是肿瘤分级、雌激素受体状态以及HER2状态。此外，需要详细、完整的癌症登记数据来评估一个国家的疾病负担，并指导乳腺癌治疗的疾病优先级划分和资源分配。需要跨越式技术创新和用于分子评估的低成本即时检测，以提供准确、及时的病理学诊断，最终目标是改善LMIC乳腺癌患者的生存结局。
