Departments of Radiology and Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; email:
Annu Rev Med. 2018 Jan 29;69:235-245. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-020917-053556.
Parallel and often unrelated developments in health care and technology have all been necessary to bring about early detection of lung cancer and the opportunity to decrease mortality from lung cancer through early detection of the disease by computed tomography. Lung cancer screening programs provide education for patients and clinicians, support smoking cessation as primary prevention for lung cancer, and facilitate health care for tobacco-associated diseases, including cardiovascular and chronic lung diseases. Guidelines for lung cancer screening will need to continue to evolve as additional risk factors and screening tests are developed. Data collection from lung cancer screening programs is vital to the further development of fiscally responsible guidelines to increase detection of lung cancer, which may include small groups with elevated risk for reasons other than tobacco exposure.
医疗保健和技术的平行且往往不相关的发展对于通过计算机断层扫描实现肺癌的早期检测以及通过早期发现该疾病降低肺癌死亡率都是必要的。肺癌筛查计划为患者和临床医生提供教育，支持通过戒烟作为肺癌的主要预防措施，并为与烟草相关的疾病（包括心血管疾病和慢性肺部疾病）提供医疗保健。随着更多的危险因素和筛查测试的开发，肺癌筛查指南将需要继续发展。从肺癌筛查计划中收集数据对于制定更负责任的财政准则以提高肺癌检测率至关重要，这些准则可能包括由于除吸烟以外的原因而风险升高的小群体。
