Guevara Miguel Angel, Cruz Paniagua Edwin Iván, Hernández González Marisela, Sandoval Carrillo Ivett Karina, Almanza Sepúlveda Mayra Linné, Hevia Orozco Jorge Carlos, Amezcua Gutiérrez Claudia
Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, C.P. 44130 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, C.P. 44130 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
Brain Res. 2018 Mar 15;1683:86-94. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.02.004. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
Short-term memory and working memory are two closely-related concepts that involve the prefrontal and parietal areas. These two types of memory have been evaluated by means of the spatial span task in its forward and backward conditions, respectively. To determine possible neurofunctional differences between them, this study recorded electroencephalographic activity (EEG) in the frontopolar (Fp1, Fp2), dorsolateral (F3, F4), and parietal (P3 and P4) areas during performance of the forward and backward conditions of this task in young men. The backward condition (an indicator of working memory) was characterized by fewer correct answers, higher absolute power (AP) of the delta band in dorsolateral areas, and a lower correlation between frontopolar and dorsolateral regions in the fast bands (alpha, beta and gamma), mainly in the right hemisphere. The prefrontal EEG changes during backward performance may be associated with the higher attentional demands and inhibition processes required to invert the order of reproduction of a sequence. These data provide evidence that the forward and backward conditions of the spatial span task can be distinguished on the basis of neurofunctional activity and performance, and that each one is associated with a distinct pattern of electrical activity and synchronization between prefrontal areas. The higher AP of the delta band and lower correlation of the fast bands, particularly between right prefrontal areas during the backward condition of this visuospatial task, suggest greater participation by the right prefrontal areas in working memory.
短期记忆和工作记忆是两个密切相关的概念，涉及前额叶和顶叶区域。这两种记忆分别通过空间广度任务的顺向和逆向条件进行评估。为了确定它们之间可能存在的神经功能差异，本研究记录了年轻男性在执行该任务的顺向和逆向条件时，额极（Fp1、Fp2）、背外侧（F3、F4）和顶叶（P3和P4）区域的脑电图活动（EEG）。逆向条件（工作记忆的一个指标）的特点是正确答案较少、背外侧区域δ波段的绝对功率（AP）较高，以及额极和背外侧区域在快速波段（α、β和γ）的相关性较低，主要在右半球。逆向执行过程中前额叶脑电图的变化可能与反转序列再现顺序所需的更高注意力需求和抑制过程有关。这些数据证明，空间广度任务的顺向和逆向条件可以根据神经功能活动和表现加以区分，并且每个条件都与前额叶区域之间不同的电活动模式和同步相关。在这个视觉空间任务的逆向条件下，δ波段的较高AP以及快速波段的较低相关性，特别是右前额叶区域之间的较低相关性，表明右前额叶区域在工作记忆中发挥了更大作用。
