Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Apr;100:132-141. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.008. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
Sex-steroids play important role in modulating uterine functions. We hypothesized that these hormones affect expression of proteins in the uterus related to thyroid hormone action. Therefore, changes in expression levels of receptors for thyroid hormone (TRα-1 and TRβ-1), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSHR), vitamin D (VDR) and retinoid acid (RAR) as well as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in uterus were investigated under sex-steroid influence.
Two rat models were used: (i) ovariectomised, sex-steroid replaced and (ii) intact, at different phases of oestrous cycle. A day after completion of sex-steroid treatment or following identification of oestrous cycle phases, rats were sacrificed and expression and distribution of these proteins in uterus were identified by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively.
Expression of TRα-1, TRβ-1, TSHR, VDR, RAR and ERK1/2 in uterus was higher following estradiol (E) treatment and at estrus phase of oestrous cycle when E levels were high. A relatively lower expression was observed following progesterone (P) treatment and at diestrus phases of oestrous cycle when P levels were high. Under E influence, TRα, TRβ, TSHR, VDR, RAR and ERK1/2 were distributed in luminal and glandular epithelia while under P influence, TSHR, VDR abn RAR were distributed in the stroma.
Differential expression and distribution of TRα-1, TRβ-1, TSHR, VDR, RAR and ERK1/2 in different uterine compartments could explain differential action of thyroid hormone, TSH, vitamin D, and retinoic acid in uterus under different sex-steroid conditions.
性激素在调节子宫功能方面起着重要作用。我们假设这些激素会影响与甲状腺激素作用相关的子宫内蛋白质的表达。因此，我们研究了在性激素影响下，子宫内甲状腺激素受体（TRα-1 和 TRβ-1）、促甲状腺激素（TSHR）、维生素 D（VDR）和视黄酸（RAR）以及细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK1/2）的受体表达水平的变化。
使用了两种大鼠模型：（i）去卵巢、性激素替代和（ii）完整的、处于发情周期的不同阶段。在完成性激素处理后的一天或确定发情周期阶段后，处死大鼠，通过 Western blot 和免疫组织化学分别鉴定这些蛋白质在子宫中的表达和分布。
子宫中 TRα-1、TRβ-1、TSHR、VDR、RAR 和 ERK1/2 的表达在雌二醇（E）处理后和发情期（E 水平较高时）较高。在孕酮（P）处理后和发情周期的间情期（P 水平较高时）观察到相对较低的表达。在 E 的影响下，TRα、TRβ、TSHR、VDR、RAR 和 ERK1/2 分布在腔上皮和腺上皮中，而在 P 的影响下，TSHR、VDR、abn RAR 分布在基质中。
在不同的性激素条件下，TRα-1、TRβ-1、TSHR、VDR、RAR 和 ERK1/2 在不同子宫区室中的差异表达和分布可以解释甲状腺激素、TSH、维生素 D 和视黄酸在子宫中的不同作用。
