Research Center for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, 5133511996 Tabriz, Iran.
Research Center for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, 5133511996 Tabriz, Iran.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2018 Apr;42:293-302. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.11.041. Epub 2017 Nov 29.
In the present work, we investigated the effect of employing ultrasonic waves during pulse electrochemical deposition on surface topography, chemical composition and biocompatibility of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coatings. The SEM and 3D AFM images showed that the anodized titanium surface was covered with the uniform and refined size of plate-like Ca-P crystals, when the ultrasonic treatment of the electrolyte with power of 60 W was carried out during deposition. In contrast, for the Ca-P; 0 W coating applied under only the magnetic stirring of the electrolyte, the microstructure was non-uniform and some Ca-P crystals with the larger size were randomly observed in different regions, causing a rougher surface. The FTIR results also revealed that employing the ultrasound increases the deposition of a coating involved in only the most stable Ca-P phase of carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA). However, in the absence of ultrasound, besides the prominent phase of CHA, some less stable Ca-P phases like octa calcium phosphate (OCP) and brushite were also formed in the Ca-P; 0 W coating. The Ca-P; 60 W coating showed the higher ability for apatite biomineralization after a 7-day immersion in the simulated body fluid (SBF). This coating also provided a better surface for the cellular activity, as compared to the Ca-P; 0 W coating.
在本工作中，我们研究了在脉冲电化学沉积过程中施加超声波对钙磷（Ca-P）涂层的表面形貌、化学成分和生物相容性的影响。SEM 和 3D AFM 图像显示，当在沉积过程中用 60 W 的功率对电解质进行超声处理时，经过阳极氧化的钛表面覆盖着均匀且细小的板状 Ca-P 晶体。相比之下，对于仅在电解质的磁场搅拌下施加的 Ca-P;0 W 涂层，微观结构不均匀，在不同区域随机观察到一些较大尺寸的 Ca-P 晶体，导致表面更粗糙。FTIR 结果还表明，采用超声可增加仅涉及最稳定的碳酸羟基磷灰石（CHA）的涂层的沉积。然而，在没有超声的情况下，除了 CHA 的主要相外，在 Ca-P;0 W 涂层中还形成了一些不太稳定的 Ca-P 相，如八钙磷酸盐（OCP）和二水磷酸氢钙。在模拟体液（SBF）中浸泡 7 天后，Ca-P;60 W 涂层显示出更高的磷灰石生物矿化能力。与 Ca-P;0 W 涂层相比，该涂层还为细胞活性提供了更好的表面。
