Evaristo Sofia, Moreira Carla, Santos Rute, Lopes Luís, Abreu Sandra, Agostinis-Sobrinho César, Oliveira-Santos José, Mota Jorge
Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, R. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200 450Porto, Portugal, Phone: +351-22-5074786, Fax: +351-22-5500689.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2018 Feb 12;31(5):/j/ijamh.2019.31.issue-5/ijamh-2017-0066/ijamh-2017-0066.xml. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0066.
Background In adolescence there are several biological and physiological changes associated with overweight and obesity. Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze the associations between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and body mass index (BMI) in adolescents. Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of 957 Portuguese adolescents (446 girls and 511 boys) aged 12-18 years. A series of variables were collected: (a) HRQoL was assessed using the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire; (b) socioeconomic status (SES) was measured using the Family Affluence Scale; (c) body composition (weigh, height) were measured and BMI was calculated and, (d) pubertal stage was assessed with Tanner stages; (e) the 20-m shuttle-run was used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness. Regression models and mediation analysis were performed to assess the association between HRQoL and BMI. Results HRQoL was significantly higher in boys than girls (p < 0.05). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 23.5% and 6.7% in girls, and 21.3% and 5% in boys, respectively. HRQoL was inversely and significantly associated with BMI in boys (B = -0.130; p < 0.05) and girls (B = -0.148; p < 0.05) after controlling for age, pubertal stage and SES. Cardiorespiratory fitness act as a full mediator variable on the relationship between BMI and HRQoL in adolescents (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness acted as a full mediator in the relationship between BMI and HRQoL, in adolescents. Public health policies targeting a wealthy weight and an improved physical fitness level could be a strategy of particular interest for improving the HRQoL of adolescents.
在青少年时期，有几种与超重和肥胖相关的生物学和生理学变化。
本研究的目的是分析青少年健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）与体重指数（BMI）之间的关联。
这是一项对957名12至18岁葡萄牙青少年（446名女孩和511名男孩）的横断面分析。收集了一系列变量：（a）使用儿童生活质量量表-10问卷评估HRQoL；（b）使用家庭富裕量表测量社会经济地位（SES）；（c）测量身体成分（体重、身高）并计算BMI，以及（d）用坦纳分期评估青春期阶段；（e）使用20米往返跑估计心肺适能。进行回归模型和中介分析以评估HRQoL与BMI之间的关联。
男孩的HRQoL显著高于女孩（p < 0.05）。女孩中超重和肥胖的患病率分别为23.5%和6.7%，男孩中分别为21.3%和5%。在控制年龄、青春期阶段和SES后，男孩（B = -0.130；p < 0.05）和女孩（B = -0.148；p < 0.05）的HRQoL与BMI呈显著负相关。心肺适能在青少年BMI与HRQoL之间的关系中起完全中介变量的作用（p < 0.05）。
我们的结果表明，心肺适能在青少年BMI与HRQoL之间的关系中起完全中介作用。针对健康体重和提高身体素质水平的公共卫生政策可能是改善青少年HRQoL的一项特别有意义的策略。
